What are the mechanisms enabling primates to display their complex social skills? And in particular, what makes humans different? A common view prefigures a sharp distinction between humans as mind readers and all nonhuman primates species, confined to behavior reading. This distinction is held to be the result of a discontinuity in the evolution of social cognition. We challenge this view by p...

background: patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (fgids) may use specific coping strategies. we intend to provide a mediating role of the relationship between pain (intensity and acceptance), cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and negative emotions in patients with fgids. materials and methods: participants were 176 inpatients, all experiencing significant fgids symptomatol...

The objective of this study was to investigate the reading methods students brought with them to the university. In the process, it also attempts to provide an answer to the question about whether reading strategies are caught or taught. It is generally assumed that since students ‘can’ read, they should know ‘how to read’ and that they are bound to pick up the necessary reading skills along th...

the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of 2 concept map (cm) learning strategies on iranian efl learners’ reading comprehension ability and learner autonomy. to this end, 60 iranian efl learners at the preintermediate level of language proficiency were randomly assigned to 2 groups. both groups received an 8-week instruction: one through teacher-constructed and the other throug...

background: the effect of coping strategies on modification of competitive anxiety and self-confidence is controversial. the purpose of this study was investigation of the role of coping strategies on competitive anxiety and self-confidence in individual and group athletes. methods: 700 group and individual athletes were selected from five counties of kermanshah province, western iran, applying...