Collateral artery growth is a potent natural defence mechanism to prevent death and myocardial infarction in occlusive artery disease. Given the high prevalence of arterial obstructive disease, a therapeutic compound stimulating collateral vessel growth could have a major impact on morbidity and mortality world wide. Although experimental studies on the stimulation of arteriogenesis have been p...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on perfusion and vascular integrity of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and collateral physiological choroid. METHODS In a prospective clinical trial, patients with subfoveal CNV were treated with PDT and verteporfin. Indocyanine green angiography (ICG-A), using a confocal laser scanning system with tomographic sections, was perfo...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Collateral flow plays an important role in maintaining tissue viability in proximal large vessel occlusion. We developed and tested a regional angiographic collateral grading system for patients with angiographically confirmed acute symptomatic middle cerebral artery occlusion to predict regional infarction. METHODS A subset of 42 patients was selected from 180 patients...

The purpose of this study was to determine if exercise stimulates coronary collateral vessel growth and if exercise after coronary occlusion can promote additional collateral growth. One group of 10 beagles served as control. The second group considered of 10 normal beagles exercised at 50% of maximum O2 consumption 7 days/week for 6 weeks. In the third group, the circumflex was occluded (Amero...

OBJECTIVE Collateral artery growth or arteriogenesis is the primary means of the circulatory system to maintain blood flow in the face of major arterial occlusions. Arteriogenesis depends on activation of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors, but relatively little is known about downstream mediators of FGF signaling. METHODS AND RESULTS We screened for signaling components that are activa...

OBJECTIVES We studied associations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-measured superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusions with functional performance, leg symptoms, and collateral vessel number in peripheral artery disease (PAD). We studied associations of collateral vessel number with functional performance in PAD. BACKGROUND Associations of MRI-detected SFA occlusion and collateral vessel...

AIMS Capillary and arterial endothelial cells share many common molecular markers in both the neonatal and adult hearts. Herein, we aim to establish a genetic tool that distinguishes these two types of vessels in order to determine the cellular mechanism underlying collateral artery formation. METHODS AND RESULTS Using Apln-GFP and Apln-LacZ reporter mice, we demonstrate that APLN expression ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE HGPS is a rare disorder of segmental aging, with early morbidity from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. The goal of this study was to identify the neurovascular features, infarct type, topography, and natural history of stroke in the only neurovascular imaging cohort study of HGPS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 25 children with confirmed diagnoses of HGPS a...

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of low-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy to improve myocardial micro-vascular circulation after acute myocardial infarction at the early stage in pig model. METHODS A total of 25 domestic pigs were used in this study. Model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was created successfully by the implantation of angioplasty balloon in mid-distal segment of le...

The formation of vascular networks during embryogenesis and early stages of development encompasses complex and tightly regulated growth of blood vessels, followed by maturation of some vessels, and spatially controlled disconnection and pruning of others. The adult vasculature, while more quiescent, is also capable of adapting to changing physiological conditions by remodeling blood vessels. N...