Dairy foods contain complex nutrients which interact with the host. Yet, evolution of lactase persistence has divided the human species into those that can or cannot digest lactose in adulthood. Such a ubiquitous trait has differential effects on humanity. The literature is reviewed to explore how the divide affects lactose handling by lactase non persistent persons. There are two basic differe...

The functionality of large-vessel endothelial cells, such as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), may differ significantly from that in the microvasculature. We established a method for the isolation of human colonic microvascular endothelial cells (HCMEC). Since colonic diseases are often accompanied by hypoxia we examined its effects on HCMEC of five individuals in comparison with ...

Recent advances in biosciences support the hypothesis that diet modulates various body functions. Diet may maintain well-being and reduce the risk of some diseases. Such discoveries have led to the concept of "functional food" and the development of the new discipline, i.e., "functional food science." A practical and simple definition of a "functional food" is a food for which a claim has been ...

BACKGROUND The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ/β (PPAR-d) is upregulated in human colorectal cancers, but its role in colonic tumorigenesis remains controversial. METHODS We generated a novel mouse model of intestinally targeted PPAR-d overexpression to simulate PPAR-d upregulation in human colon carcinogenesis. Colon-specific PPAR-d overexpression was confirmed ...

Abstract The aim of this review was to present various topics related lactose intolerance with special attention given the role fermented foods and probiotics in alleviating gastrointestinal symptoms. Lactose is a common digestive problem which human body unable digest lactose, known as milk sugar. can either be hereditary or consequence intestinal diseases. Recent work has demonstrated that da...

<b>Introduction: </b>Artificial intelligence (AI) has made a big difference and is used in many different sectors also medicine. We sought to identify the areas of interest potential future directions for AI field colonoscopy imaging colonic diseases by utilizing bibliometrics analyze previous 50 years' worth changes on this topic.<br /> <b>Material methods:<...

The most well known food-based strategies to modulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota are the dietary use of prebiotics, probiotics and their combination, synbiotics. Currently established prebiotic compounds are mainly targeting the bifidobacteria population of the colon microbiota. A good illustration of the importance of high colonic bifidobacteria levels is the observation that...

BACKGROUND No population-based irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) incidence data among Taiwanese adults are available. Whether IBS is associated with risk of organic colonic diseases remains unanswered. We investigated 1) the sex- and age-stratified trends in the annual incidence of IBS, and 2) the risk of selected organic diseases in patients with IBS compared with those without IBS among Taiwanes...

Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) is an adhesion molecule that mediates recruitment of lymphocytes into the gut mucosa. Attenuation of excessive expression of MAdCAM-1 in the inflamed mucosa could be useful for treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether anti-MAdCAM-1 antibody has a prophylactic effect on experimental colitis in...

BACKGROUND During the last century the incidence of diverticular disease (DD), as well as the prevalence of colonic adenocarcinoma (ADK), recorded a marked increase in Western populations. In literature has been reported a higher incidence of sigmoid colon carcinoma associated with diverticular disease suggesting a possible sharing of risk factors and pathogens between these two pathologies. ...