The main result of [Barr (1967)] is that the cohomology of an algebra with respect to the free associate algebra cotriple can be described by the resolution given by U. Shukla in [Shukla (1961)]. That looks like a composite resolution; first an algebra is resolved by means of free modules (over the ground ring) and then this resolution is given the structure of a DG-algebra and resolved by the ...

The vast body of pion data available provides compelling evidence that this composite particle is a Goldstone mode of the strong interaction associated with the dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry. Therefore a legitimate understanding of pion observables, including its mass, decay constants and form factors, requires that an approach possess a well-defined and valid chiral limit. This is impo...

AHDL modeling of MEMS components for system simulation is slowly maturing, however many issues remain regarding interoperability and composability. A discussion of MEMS natures, hierarchy and model partitioning helps to introduce the issues. Specific conventions for interoperability include choice of component reference frame and associated reference directions. A composite discipline extension...

and findings of laboratory and field tests of a new generation of precast composite piles used for the first time in the construction of the Route 40 highway bridge over the Nottoway River in Virginia. The piles consisted of 24.6 in. (625 mm) diameter concrete-filled glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) circular tubes, with a 0.21 in. (5.3 mm) wall thickness. The composite piles extended above...

We investigate the correspondence between existence/stability of BPS states in type II string theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau manifold and BPS solutions of four dimensional N=2 supergravity. Some paradoxes emerge, and we propose a resolution by considering composite configurations. This in turn gives a smooth effective field theory description of decay at marginal stability. We also discuss...

We argue that the cosmological constant is exponentially suppressed in a candidate ground state of loop quantum gravity as a nonperturbative effect of a holographic Fermi-liquid theory living on a two-dimensional spacetime. Ashtekar connection components, corresponding to degenerate gravitational configurations breaking large gauge invariance and CP symmetry, behave as composite fermions that c...

This paper deals with the reliability of composite measurement consisting of true-false items obeying the Rasch model. A definition of reliability in the Rasch model is proposed and the connection to the classical definition of reliability is shown. As a modification of the classical estimator Cronbach’s alpha, a new estimator logistic alpha is proposed. Finally, the properties of the new estim...

The structure of the moduli space of N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theories is analyzed from an algebraic geometric viewpoint. The connection between the fundamental fields of the ultraviolet theory, and the gauge invariant composite fields of the infrared theory is explained in detail. The results are then used to prove an anomaly matching theorem. The theorem is used to study anomaly matching fo...

Application of thermoplastic materials has increased dramatically in recent decades due to its recyclability, low density, resistance to chemical changes. The friction stir welding process is one of the new methods of solid state welding, which has recently undergone a significant improvement. In this research, using a new tool Made of plain carbon steel st37 in friction stir welding and low co...