Strong synergies between ultralight mass, ultralow drag, and hybrid-electric drive can produce attractive designs for superefficient cars (and many other vehicles). A realistic near-term 4–5-passenger “hypercar”—curb mass 585 kg (advanced-polymer-composite monocoque), CDA 0.36 m, r0 0.0062, fuel-to-shaft ηav 0.385, fuel-to-wheels ηav 0.29, accessory load 250 Wav—can achieve average fuel economy...

in many cases, a torsional shaft may be a thick-walled radially inhomogeneous cylindrical object. the hollow shafts made of functionally graded materials (fgms) are such kind of compositions which were studied in this paper. cylindrical fg shafts are composed of ceramic and metallic parts with power function distribution across the radial direction. the ceramic phase is isotropic elastic and th...

Variable Frequency Drives induce shaft voltages onto the shaft of the driven motor because of the extremely high speed switching of the insulated gate bipolar transistors which produce the pulse width modulation used to control AC motors in heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. This voltage induced on the shaft becomes great enough to overcome the dielectric of the o...

In view of the torsional vibration problem main drive system F5 rolling mill in a steel plant, two sets torque monitoring sensors were installed on cross universal joint shaft site. Through online monitoring, it is found that frequency twice rotational system, and amplitude upper greater than lower shaft. Considering influence inclination angle shaft, transmission can be simplified as multi-bod...

work is devoted to the study of electric drive overhead cranes and creation a new reliable system multi-motor with coordinated rotation speeds motors movement mechanisms cranes. The electromechanical travel an crane complex multi-mass elastically connected controlled by drive, which subject large number force factors. main trends in development are increase reliability its operation range speed...

The precise control of a complex hydraulic drive system, which is mostly dependent on the speed system working shaft, contributes to an improvement in product quality. In this paper, novel shaft method for proposed. First, mathematical model operation and related components established, fuzzy PID controller designed regulate based rules. A whale optimization algorithm improved by intuitionistic...

OBJECTIVE In developing countries, tibial shaft fractures are frequently stabilised using Surgical Implant Generation Network (SIGN) nails. Despite widespread use throughout the world, little is known regarding their biomechanical properties. This study aimed to compare the mechanical stiffness of the SIGN tibial nail with a standard hollow tibial nail. METHODS A fracture gap model was create...