Abstract Using two basic assumptions of time series analysis, a test is proposed to assess the quality of seasonal adjustment of a series. The test is applied to several seasonally adjusted series of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) using three methods of seasonal adjustment: State Space Model Based Method (SSMB), TRAMO SEATS Method and X12ARIMA method. The empirical results are presented along w...

The study identified a sub-group of respondents adopting a negative response style in consumer tendency surveys and investigated their influence on aggregate household inflation expectations. Households prone to negative response style were identified using multi-group latent class models. The data source was the State of the Household Survey, conducted following European Commission methodology...

Understanding the linkages among species diversity, biomass production and stability underlies effective predictions for conservation, agriculture and fisheries. Although these relationships have been well studied for plants and, to a lesser extent, consumers, relationships among plant and consumer diversity, productivity, and temporal stability remain relatively unexplored. We used structural ...

Evolvable Hardware (EHW) has been regarded as adaptive system acquired by wide application market. Consumer market of any good requires diversity to satisfy consumers’ preferences. Adaptation of EHW is a key technology that could provide individual approach to every particular user. This situation raises a question: how to set target for evolutionary algorithm? The existing techniques do not al...