Multipurpose technologies that simultaneously protect from sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancy are urgently needed. Pod-intravaginal rings (IVRs) formulated with the antiretroviral agents (ARVs) tenofovir, nevirapine, and saquinavir and the contraceptives etonogestrel and estradiol were evaluated in sheep. Steady-state concentrations were maintained for 28 days with control...

INTRODUCTION Use of hormonal contraceptives for birth control is commonplace in the Western World. In Europe, there is considerable variety in the frequency of use of hormonal contraceptives and in the age at which these contraceptives are initiated. The purpose of the present study was to describe the use of hormonal contraceptives among the Danish adolescent female population, focusing on age...

BACKGROUND Safe use of progestin-only hormonal preparations has remained quite controversial though they are being employed in various disorders very commonly. These hormones result in a number of adverse effects in the body, the most drastic being predisposition to higher risk of thromboembolism with reports of involvement of platelets. Despite a large number of studies, no definite inference ...

serum total fatty acids were estimated in controls and women using the oral contraceptives eugynon (containing 0.5 mg.of norgestron and 0.05 mg ethinyl oestradiol) and lyndiol (containing 2.5 mg. of linostrol and 0.05 mg of ethiny oestradiol) for periods ranging from 8 to 110 weeks. the serum total fatty acids level was found to be approximately 70% higher in the women using oral contraceptives...

Clinical question " What is the risk of taking oral contraceptives in patients with a history of migraine with transient neurological signs? " A woman with a history of migraine associated with hemiparaesthesia, and possibly dysphasia, attended her general practitioner suffering from irregular and frequent menstrual cycles. The doctor considered treatment with oral contraceptives to control her...

BACKGROUND Serotonin-1 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT 1) receptor agonists are first line agents for migraine headaches. Patients with refractory headaches may use supratherapeutic doses of these medications. Described is a case of ischemic colitis related to overuse of sumatriptan. CASE A 35-year-old woman presented with severe abdominal pain without diarrhea or hematochezia. For several days pri...