Questions: In adults with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receiving non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIV), is intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) feasible? Does IPV improve outcomes compared to manual airway clearance techniques? Design: Randomised, controlled trial with concealed allocation. Setting: Intensive care unit of a tertiary hos...

Most patients undergoing surgical procedures need to be mechanically ventilated, because of the impact of several drugs administered at induction and during maintenance of general anaesthesia on respiratory function. Optimization of intraoperative mechanical ventilation can reduce the incidence of post-operative pulmonary complications and improve the patient's outcome. Preoxygenation at induct...

A Brain laryngeal mask was assessed in fifty patients undergoing general anaesthesia who required controlled ventilation. The mask was inserted in all patients without any difficulty and the satisfactory seal obtained enabled ventilation in all patients in a wide range of positions. Airway obstruction occurred in seven patients secondary to downfolding of the epiglottis and this was rectified b...

OXYGEN consumption (V̇O2) of respiratory muscles during mechanical ventilation is usually computed as the difference between V̇O2 during controlled ventilation and V̇O2 during spontaneous ventilation. This method, though, is unpractical and sometimes even impossible. In a study published in this issue of ANESTHESIOLOGY, Bellani et al. used another interesting approach to evaluate the value of V̇O2 ...

BACKGROUND Several publications have reported the successful, safe use of Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA)-Classic devices in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. However, there have been no studies that have examined the application of volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) or pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) using a LMA during gynecological laparoscopy. The aim of this study is to compare h...

Background Pneumoperitoneum and altered positioning 1in laparoscopic cholecystectomy predispose to alterations in cardiorespiratory physiology. We compared the effects of volume controlled, pressure controlled, and the newly introduced pressure controlled-volume guaranteed ventilation (PCV-VG) modes of ventilation on respiratory mechanics and oxygenation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. M...

Various amounts of carbon dioxide were removed through an extracorporeal membrane lung in spontaneously breathing lambs. The decrease in alveolar ventilation was proportional to the fraction of total carbon dioxide removed by the membrane lung. When extracorporeal CO2 removal approximated CO2 production (VCO2), alveolar ventilation almost ceased. Pulmonary ventilation can be controlled by extra...

Assisted mechanical ventilation (MV) may be a favorable alternative to controlled MV at the early phase of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), since it requires less sedation, no paralysis and is associated with less hemodynamic deterioration, better distal organ perfusion, and lung protection, thus reducing the risk of ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI). In the present review, we...

BACKGROUND Prolonged controlled mechanical ventilation depresses diaphragmatic efficiency. Assisted modes of ventilation should improve it. We assessed the impact of pressure support ventilation versus neurally adjusted ventilator assist on diaphragmatic efficiency. METHOD Patients previously ventilated with controlled mechanical ventilation for 72 hours or more were randomized to be ventilat...

It is very important that the comfortable indoor climate is built for crop growing in greenhouse. To adjust the temperature and humidity, the natural ventilation operation and indoor airflow operation is necessary to be controlled. Depending on many researches and analysis for indoor climate of greenhouse, it is proved that the two main parameters, temperature and humidity in greenhouse, correl...