With increased direct current (DC) load density and the penetration of a large number of distributed generation (DG) units in alternating current (AC) distribution networks (DNs); a planning approach that considers transforming some of the AC lines into DC lines and building the DC network is proposed. Considering the DG output uncertainty and the load fluctuation, a planning model for an AC/DC...

This paper presents a comprehensive review of multi-port power electronics converters used for application in AC, DC, or hybrid distribution systems an Internet Energy scenario. In particular, solid-state transformer (SST) topologies have been addressed and classified according to their isolation capabilities conversion stages configurations. Non-conventional configurations considered. A compar...

In recent years, distributed generation and a large number of sensitive AC and DC loads have been connected to distribution networks, which introduce a series of challenges to distribution network operators (DNOs). In addition, the advantages of DC distribution networks, such as the energy conservation and emission reduction, mean that the voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct cu...

This article reports a method for controlling the chemical concentration in a localized region of a fluid using optoelectrofluidic mechanisms. Optoelectrofluidic fluorescence microscopy (OFM), in which an optoelectrofluidic device is integrated into a conventional fluorescence microscope, allows both modulation and detection of local chemical concentration in an easy and simple way. Here, we pr...

This paper suggests the integral Backstepping nonlinear control of wind power plant based on Doubly-Fed Induction Generator connected to grid in normal conditions and under parameters variation. The stator generator is explicitly linked with electrical network. However, rotor winding associated via a bidirectional AC/DC/AC converter. purpose this powers produced by variable speed turbine, pilot...

Though the Clean Air Act (CAA) relies on a traditional inter-government partnership, new initiatives from local governments that fall outside of the conventional implementation strategy have created a unique public service delivery network by adding layers to the implementation scheme. Using both logistic and multinomial logistic models and a dataset of 497 Metropolitan (MSA) and Micropolitian ...

HVDC transmission systems are becoming increasingly popular when compared to conventional AC transmission methods. HVDC voltage source converters (VSC) can offer advantages over traditional HVDC current source converter topologies; as such, it is expected that HVDC-VSCs will be further exploited with the growth of HVDC transmission. This paper presents the DC fault ride through capability and n...

The drawing of frequency-path (F-P) models of optical beams is an approach for nonlinearity analysis in nano-metrology systems and sensors based on the laser interferometers. In this paper, the frequency-path models of four nano-metrology laser interferometry systems are designed, analyzed and simulated, including ...

Smart Grid schemes in which multiple network elements and participants are managed for the benefit of the distribution network (e.g., energy loss reduction, restoration, etc.) require sophisticated algorithms to control them in the most suitable manner while catering for network constraints. Such a complex decision making process can be solved by tailoring the AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF) proble...

In this paper, we introduce a new partial consistency for constraint networks which is called Structural Consistency of level w and is denoted w-SC consistency. This consistency is based on a new approach. While conventional consistencies generally rely on local properties extended to the entire network, this new partial consistency considers global consistency on subproblems. These subproblems...