Undeniable signatures are digital signatures which are not universally veriiable but can only be checked with the signer's help. However, the signer cannot deny the validity of a correct signature. An extended concept , convertible undeniable signatures, allows the signer to convert single undeniable signatures or even the whole scheme into universally veriiable signatures or into an ordinary d...

In this paper we extend the state-of-art of the constraints that can be pushed in a frequent pattern computation. We introduce a new class of tough constraints, namely Loose Anti-monotone constraints, and we deeply characterize them by showing that they are a superclass of convertible anti-monotone constraints (e.g. constraints on average or median) and that they model tougher constraints (e.g....

This paper shows that the probability of exercise of convertible bonds issued against a firm’s stock directly affects the liquidity of the stock itself. Using the ratio of absolute stock return to its dollar volume as a proxy for stock liquidity I demonstrate that there is a direct and positive relationship between conversion probability and stock liquidity while controlling for firm size, book...

Undeniable signatures are digital signatures which are not universally veri able but can only be checked with the signer's help. However, the signer cannot deny the validity of a correct signature. An extended concept, convertible undeniable signatures, allows the signer to convert single undeniable signatures or even the whole scheme into universally veri able signatures or into an ordinary di...

To reduce the performance and lifespan loss caused by the partial-stripe writes in SSD RAIDs, we propose two schemes: parity-stream separation and SLC/MLC convertible programming. Parity-stream separation splits the parity block stream from the data block stream to decrease valid page copy during garbage collection. In the convertible programming scheme, the flash memory blocks that are allocat...

The marine natural product dysibetaine was synthesized in racemic form from a levulinic acid derivative using a convertible isocyanide and an ammonium acetate in the Ugi 4-center-3-component condensation reaction.

Ammonia and selenoaldehydes are both problematic components in Ugi reactions. Here we report the efficient direct multicomponent synthesis of sensitive selenocysteine peptides without the use of convertible (protected) primary amines, including suitable deprotection protocols for selenols.

The question as to whether or not the liver is able to form glycogen from lactic acid is of importance for the relation between the carbohydrate metabolism of the muscles and that of the liver. It is known that the process glycogen * lactic acid occurs in the muscles, while the process glycogen e glucose occurs in the liver. Glucose derived from liver glycogen is convertible into muscle glycoge...

The question as to whether or not the liver is able to form glycogen from lactic acid is of importance for the relation between the carbohydrate metabolism of the muscles and that of the liver. It is known that the process glycogen * lactic acid occurs in the muscles, while the process glycogen e glucose occurs in the liver. Glucose derived from liver glycogen is convertible into muscle glycoge...

Undeniable signatures were introduced in 1989 by Chaum and van Antwerpen to limit the self-authenticating property of digital signatures. An extended concept – the convertible undeniable signatures – proposed by Boyar, Chaum, Damg̊ard and Pedersen in 1991, allows the signer to convert undeniable signatures to ordinary digital signatures. We present a new efficient convertible undeniable signatur...