Some microbes, among them a few species of cyanobacteria, are able to excavate carbonate minerals, from limestone to biogenic carbonates, including coral reefs, in a bioerosive activity that directly links biological and geological parts of the global carbon cycle. The physiological mechanisms that enable such endolithic cyanobacteria to bore, however, remain unknown. In fact, their boring cons...

Coral reefs, and the unique ecosystems they support, are facing severe threats by human activities and climate change. Our understanding of these threats is hampered by the lack of robust approaches for studying the micro-scale interactions between corals and their environment. Here we present an experimental platform, coral-on-a-chip, combining micropropagation and microfluidics to allow direc...

The research was conducted in the villages of Eri, Soya, Kusu-kusu, Waai, Hatu, and Allang Ambon Island. aim this study to determine external internal characteristics location for growing Tongka Langit banana (M.roglodytarum L). method used a survey with free observation distance. results showed that land where plant grows are scattered on slopes foothills geology alluvium, limestone, coral, gr...

Coral reef ecosystems thrive in tropical oligotrophic oceans because of the relationship between corals and endosymbiotic dinoflagellate algae called Symbiodinium. Symbiodinium convert sunlight and carbon dioxide into organic carbon and oxygen to fuel coral growth and calcification, creating habitat for these diverse and productive ecosystems. Light is thus a key regulating factor shaping the p...

The structure of coral reef habitat has a pronounced influence on the diversity, composition and abundance of reef-associated fishes. However, the particular features of the habitat that are most critical are not always known. Coral habitats can vary in many characteristics, notably live coral cover, topographic complexity and coral diversity, but the relative effects of these habitat character...

The percentage cover and distribution of scleractinian corals were studied at two Iranian islands in the Persian Gulf. Survey techniques involved the use of 20-m line transects placed at 4-9 m depth interval, parallel to the shore. GIS based maps were employed to show the distribution of hard corals. In Farurgan Island, hard coral cover was concentrated in the west and north-west of the island,...

The distribution of ground-water radiocarbon ages from the Tertiary limestone aquifer (includes the Floridan aquifer) in South Carolina shows both a typical trend for a regional sedimentary aquifer plus a lesscommonly reported occurrence of disjunct outliers of recharging and thus high vulnerability to contamination located farther down the regional flow system. The main recharge area, and thus...

This paper summarizes the results of a monitoring event designed to track the recovery of a repaired coral reef injured by the M/V Alec Owen Maitland vessel grounding incident of October 25, 1989. This grounding occurred within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Pursuant to the National Marine Sanctuaries Act, NOAA recovers money for injury to Sanctuary resources, and uses it to restor...

Reports Enzymatic Oxidation of Glucose to Glucosone in a Red Alga: R. C. Bean and W. Z. Hassid ...................................... "Clock" Controlled Activity Rhythms in the Fruit Fly: S. K. de F. Roberts Hardness of Substances in the Ideal State: A. E. Newkirk ................ Lactic Dehydrogenase Activity of Serum in Mice with Transplantable Leukemia: C. Friend and F. Wro'blewski ............