BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To investigate the optimal technique for repairing recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. PATIENTS AND METHODS A 2-year retrospective review of recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachments by 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or combined 23-gauge PPV with encircling scleral buckling was performed. The primary outcome was anatomical success. The secondary out...

When the rate variation among sites is described by a gamma distribution, an important problem is how to estimate the shape parameter 01, which is an index of the degree of among-site rate variation. The parsimony-based methods for estimating (Y are simple but biased, i.e., (Y tends to be overestimated. On the other hand, the likelihood-based methods are asymptotically unbiased but take a huge ...

We introduce, for the first time, a new class of Birnbaum–Saunders nonlinear regression models potentially useful in lifetime data analysis. The class generalizes the regression model described by Rieck and Nedelman [1991, A log-linear model for the Birnbaum–Saunders distribution, Technometrics, 33, 51–60]. We discuss maximum likelihood estimation for the parameters of the model, and derive clo...

In positron emission tomography, transmission scans are used to correct the acquired data for the effect of photon attenuation. The noise present in the transmission measurement often has a significant effect on the signal to noise ratio of the final attenuation corrected image of the tracer distribution. This study evaluates the effect of different attenuation correction strategies on the perf...

This note provides a direct, elementary proof of the fundamental result on monotone likelihood ratio of the total score variable in unidimensional item response theory (IRT). This result is very important for practical measurement in IRT, because it justifies the use of the total score variable to order participants on the latent trait. The proof relies on a basic inequality for elementary symm...

Genotypes are frequently used to identify parentage. Such analysis is notoriously vulnerable to genotyping error, and there is ongoing debate regarding how to solve this problem. Many scientists have used the computer program CERVUS to estimate parentage, and have taken advantage of its option to allow for genotyping error. In this study, we show that the likelihood equations used by versions 1...

Spatial Modulation is a new technique for Multiple-Input-Multiple Output (MIMO) systems that reduces the complexity of the transceiver and provides high data rate. It uses one or more selected antennas to transmit by utilizing antenna indices as a source of information. Maximum likelihood detector is used to detect the transmitted antenna indices and the transmitted symbol. If either the transm...