Quantifying the flux of cosmic rays reaching exoplanets around M dwarfs is essential to understand their possible effects on exoplanet habitability. Here, we investigate propagation Galactic as they travel through stellar winds (astrospheres) five nearby dwarfs, namely: GJ 15A, 273, 338B, 411 and 887. Our selected stars each have 1 or 2 detected all wind mass-loss rates constrained by Lyman-alp...

Stable lumps of quark matter may be present in cosmic rays at a flux level, which can be detected by high precision cosmic ray experiments sensitive to anomalous “nuclei” with high massto-charge ratio. The properties of these lumps, called strangelets, are described, and so is the production and propagation of strangelets in cosmic rays. Two experiments underway which are sensitive to a strange...

We explore further the proposal in paper I of this series that the confinement time of cosmic ray nuclei in the Milky Way is determined by their interaction with dark matter molecular clouds rather than by their escape from the halo, as is assumed in conventional models of cosmic ray propagation. The same proposal can be made for cosmic ray electrons. This proposal leads to a specific age distr...