Contrary to prevailing consumer conceptions of efficient silicon use, previous research efforts have shown that designing routing-poor FPGAs may yield significant area gains. In this paper we show that conventional wirelength-centric placement tools are unable to deal with the challenges that routing-limited CAD problems present. We believe that this problem is present given today’s architectur...

Software project managers have expressed concern over their inability to estimate accurately the costs associated with software development. Various cost estimation methods are available for use in software development process but concern lies in selecting better software cost estimation model to arrive at accurate cost estimation. This paper gave an overview of software cost estimation and ans...

89 Selecting Views with Maintenance Cost Constraints: Issues, Heuristics and Performance Jeffrey Xu Yu The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China email: [email protected] Chi-Hon Choi The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China email: [email protected] Gang Gou The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China email: [email protected] Hongjun Lu Hong Kong Uni. of ...

The future of VR applications for mental health is currently regarded as depending on the rational development of ideas and systems. Criteria to guide this development have been suggested that are both clear and agreeable. Their application, however, may not be easy at this stage. While we may already be able to predict costs of specific VR applications, a period of more extensive clinical rese...

Is there a role for ecology in a cost-benefit society? As a theme held at Roskilde University in June 2004, this paper summarizes divergent approaches to public policy decision making. Whether based on strict cost-benefit analysis or wide-ranging discussion, we make the point that decisions need to be informed by an understanding of the causes behind environmental problems and their consequence...

Background Simulation education can be costly-however, costs need to be considered against what you get in return to determine whether these costs are justified. Unfortunately in simulation education, evaluations that yield information about the return on investment are scarce. An economic evaluation provides a comparison of value. In short-what is it that is being obtained, what do you need to...

One of the most important issues in all stages of mining study is capital cost estimation. Determination of capital expenditure is a challenging issue for mine designers. In recent decade, quite a few number of studies have focused on proposing estimation models to predict mining capital cost. However, these efforts have not achieved to a predictor model with reliable range of error. Both of ov...

In variational data assimilation (VDA) for meteorological and/or oceanic models, the assimilated fields are deduced by combining the model and the gradient of a cost functional measuring discrepancy between model solution and observation, via a first-order optimality system. However, existence and uniqueness of the VDA problem along with convergence of the algorithms for its implementation depe...

We study multi-label classification (MLC) with three important real-world issues: online updating, label space dimensional reduction (LSDR), and cost-sensitivity. Current MLC algorithms have not been designed to address these three issues simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm, cost-sensitive dynamic principal projection (CS-DPP) that resolves all three issues. The foundati...