modelling of crack propagation by finite element method under mixed mode conditions is of prime importance in fracture mechanics. this paper describes an application of finite element method to the analysis of mixed mode crack growth in linear elastic fracture mechanics. crack growth process is simulated by an incremental crack-extension analysis based on the maximum principal stress criterion,...

OBJECTIVES HIV prevalence among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Ottawa is estimated at about 10%. The successful integration of peers into outreach efforts and wider access to HIV point-of-care testing (POCT) create opportunities to explore the role of peers in providing HIV testing. The PROUD study, in partnership with Ottawa Public Health (OPH), sought to develop a model for community-based...

OBJECTIVE To examine relationships between parenting behaviors, parent-child relationship, and moderating effects of age on youth substance use among a community sample of African-American mothers who use crack cocaine and their children (12-17 years). METHODS Maternal-child dyads (n = 208) were recruited through street outreach and snowball sampling and completed interviews about substance u...

The interlaminar fracture toughness in pure mode II (GIIc) of a Carbon-Fibre Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) composite is characterized experimentally and numerically in this work, using the End-Notched Flexure (ENF) fracture characterization test. The value of GIIc was extracted by a new data reduction scheme avoiding the crack length measurement, named Compliance-Based Beam Method (CBBM). This meth...

in this paper, the crack detection and depth ratio estimation method are presented in beamlikestructures using elman networks. for this purpose, by using the frequencies of modes asinput, crack depth ratio of each element was detected as output. performance of the proposedmethod was evaluated by using three numerical scenarios of crack for fixed-simply supportedbeam consisting of a single crack...

Various stresses add to the railway rails and accumulate fatigue damage due to daily use. Fracture mechanics clarification concerning the growth behavior of cracks is needed, in order to decide the inspection period and the cycle [1], . Though the crack progression and influence of residual stress on fatigue strength has been researched [3] for many years, they are not clear now. The aims of th...

The atomic force microscope (AFM) has become an essential tool for the measurement of surface characteristics of diverse materials on a microand nanoscale level [1]. The resolution of measurements for the AFM cantilever is related to its vibration sensitivity. Many researchers have much interest in studying the resonant frequency and sensitivity analysis of AFM cantilevers [2 4]. Cracks may be ...