Neurolymphomatosis is an extremely rare neurologic manifestation of systemic lymphoma in which B-cell nonHodgkin’s lymphoma a much more common cause. Neurolymphomatosis must be differentiated from more frequent neurologic manifestations of lymphoma, including peripheral nerves compression by enlarged lymph nodes, radiation plexopathy, herpes zoster infection, and lymphoma-associated vasculitis....

PURPOSE To assess the utility of MR in third cranial nerve palsy. METHODS We reviewed precontrast and postcontrast MR of 50 patients with third cranial nerve palsy. RESULTS MR demonstrated an appropriate lesion in 32 cases. Of these patients, 6 had brain stem lesions and 15 had involvement of the nerve in the cavernous sinus; lesions of the cisternal segment of the nerve were present in 11 ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the predictors of neurological sequel in tuberculous meningitis (TBM). METHODS This study was carried out at the Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, between January 1998 and March 2009. Neurological sequels at 6 months of 160 adult patients with TBM who had been followed up were assessed re...

Moebius syndrome is a rare, nonprogressive neurological disorder (prevalence is estimated to be 0.002% of births) characterized by unilateral or bilateral facial paralysis and defective extraocular eye movements secondary to congenital paresis of the facial (VII) and abducens (VI) cranial nerves. These classic features of the syndrome are often accompanied by hypoglossal (XII), trigeminal (V), ...

A 32-year-old woman presented with vertical diplopia after a blunt head injury due to a vehicle crash. On examination 2 weeks after the trauma, she had a pupil-involving right third-nerve palsy. The absence of intorsion when looking downward starting from an abducted eye-in-orbit position suggested a concomitant fourth nerve palsy. T1weighted brain MR imaging revealed marked gadolinium enhancem...

The vagus nerve (VN), the longest cranial nerve and an essential part of the parasympathetic system, connects the central nervous system to respiratory, cardiovascular, immune, gastrointestinal, and endocrine systems and is involved in the maintenance of homeostasis by controlling these systems. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is related to any method that would stimulate the vagal nerve via elec...

A 70 year old diabetic male presented with a three weeks history of left temporal pain radiating to the left eye and left side of the neck without any symptoms relating to the ear or nose. Two days later, the patient developed difficulty in swallowing and speaking with nasal regurgitation of fluids. Clinical examination revealed bilateral palatal weakness (more marked on the left side), bilater...