The face is a reflection of our genome. Facial deformities are oftentimes harbingers of an underlying disease states. For example, decreased Hedgehog activity in the developing craniofacial region causes holoprosencephaly and close-set eyes (hypotelorism). We found that excessive Hedgehog activity, caused by truncating the primary cilia on cranial neural crest cells, led to hypertelorism and fr...

As a ubiquitous, persistent environmental contaminant, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has the potential to cause lethal deformities in larval fishes. Few studies have examined its impacts on larval growth and craniofacial development in conjunction with feeding capability. The authors used morphological and behavioral assessments to demonstrate that feeding capability of larvae is i...

Background: Multidisciplinary teams that treat patients with cleft lips and palates seek to promote quality of life (QoL) in this population. In this study, we aim to identify instruments in the literature that can be used to assess comprehensive aspects of QoL (related to functionality, aesthetics, and outcomes) for this population. Methods: We searched li­terature­on­PubMed­published­between­...

background and aim: it is well - known that sex hormones regulate bone metabolism. sex steroids increase osteoblasts activities and affect growth, remodeling and bone homeostasis. the aim of this study was to examine the effects of sex hormones deficiency on craniofacial growth in rats. methods & materials: fifty, thirty–day–old wistar rats comprised the sample in this experimental study. 25 ma...

During craniofacial development, the Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is essential for mesodermal tissue patterning and differentiation. The HH family consists of three protein ligands: Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), Indian Hedgehog (IHH), and Desert Hedgehog (DHH), of which two are expressed in the craniofacial complex (IHH and SHH). Dysregulations in HH signaling are well documented to result in a wide...

BACKGROUND Standards of cleft care abroad differ from those in the United States, particularly in less developed countries, where international adoption rates are high. Children adopted from these countries present to plastic surgeons in the United States at various ages and states of repair. The operative and perioperative needs of these children are poorly understood. This study attempts to c...

Craniofacial form is defined by a number of factors. A major contributor is the jaw musculature especially of the masseter muscle, as differences in transcription and translation of various genes have been documented from this tissue. Up to this point however, no reliable biological predictors of form have been identified. The aims of this study were therefore, to describe the transcriptome of ...

Of all live births with congenital anomalies, approximately one-third exhibit deformities of the head and face. Most craniofacial disorders are associated with defects in a migratory stem and progenitor cell population, which is designated the neural crest (NC). Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (MCEDS) is a heritable connective tissue disorder with distinct craniofacial features; this...

BUMC PROCEEDINGS 2002;15:250–254 Acleft lip/palate deformity occurs in approximately one in every 700 live births in the USA (1). Jaw growth in the population of patients with unrepaired cleft lip and palate is generally favorable (2–6). No significant difference exists between patients with and those without such deformities in the distribution of vertical or anteroposterior skeletal jaw relat...

Background: Clefts of the lip, palate, or both are most prevalent form facial congenital abnormality among neonates. In improving health neonates born with craniofacial deformities, neonatal nurses played a crucial role in educating parents and spreading awareness about disease. Aim: to assess mothers' knowledge practices regarding cleft palate infant feeding patterns. The study was descriptive...