ESC (Electronic Stability Control) was introduced on the mass market in 1998. Since then, several studies showing the positive effects of ESC has been presented. In this study, data from crashes occurring in Sweden during 1998 to 2004 were used to evaluate the effectiveness of ESC on real life crashes. To control for exposure, induced exposure methods were used, where ESC-sensitive to ESC-insen...

In this paper by Past President’s Award for Merit in Transportation recipient Ning Li and coauthor Stephen W. Read, a serious issue is raised in current roadway departure (RD) crash research and practices. Despite the importance of RD crashes, the definitions and identification methods of the RD crashes are inconsistent, and significant differences exist in the reported RD crash deaths between ...

CONTEXT Considering the importance of pedestrian traffic crashes and the role of environmental factors in the frequency of crashes, this paper aimed to review the published evidence and synthesize the results of related studies for the associations between environmental factors and distribution of pedestrian-vehicular traffic crashes. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We searched all epidemiological studi...

There is an increasing body of research investigating relationships between personality factors and crash involvement. This research estimates that personality factors account for about 10 to 20% of the variance in crashes. However, there are a number of limitations associated with this research. Most studies are cross-sectional or retrospective in design, are based on self-reported crashes or ...

BACKGROUND In the present study, the epidemiologic aspects of road traffic crashes in South East of Iran are described. METHODS This cross-sectional study included the profile of 2398 motor vehicle crashes recorded in the police office in one Year in South East of Iran. Data collected included: demographics, the type of crash, type of involved vehicle, location of crash and factors contributi...

The data contained here were obtained from the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration׳s National Automotive Sampling System - Crashworthiness Data System (NASS-CDS) for the years 2008-2014. This publically available data set monitors motor vehicle crashes in the United States, using a stratified random sample frame, resulting in information on approximately 5000 crashes each year...

INTRODUCTION Although anecdotal reports of G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) in military aviation date back to before 1920, regular reporting did not begin until 1982. The effectiveness in the operational setting of G-LOC preventive measures, such as positive pressure breathing for G protection (PBG), has not been studied. METHODS We use the term "crash" to represent an event where the ...

In the design of a safe road transport system there is a need to better understand the safety challenges lying ahead. One way of doing that is to evaluate safety technology with retrospective analysis of crashes. However, by using retros- pective data there is the risk of adapting safety innovations to scenarios irrelevant in the future. Also, challenges arise as safety interventions do not act...

Case reports of 16 crashes involving pregnant occupants are presented that illustrate the main conclusions of a crash-investigation program that includes 42 crashes investigated to date. Some unusual cases that are exceptions to the overall trends are also described. The study indicates a strong association between adverse fetal outcome and both crash severity and maternal injury. Proper restra...

In the United States there are few available data regarding real world minor rear aligned crashes with struck vehicle delta-V less than 15 km/h. This study analyzed 98 such crashes in the US involving 258 occupants. Mean struck vehicle delta-V and acceleration were 6.4 km/h and 1.4 g, respectively. Within five weeks post-crash, 105 struck vehicle occupants had 695 ICD-9-CM diagnoses and 399 AIS...