The reference method to determine glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in children is the inulin clearance. Similarly, Cr51-EDTA, iohexol and iothalamate can be used as exogenous GFR markers [1,2]. Exogenous markers are expensive and rather impractical. Creatinine is by far the most commonly used biochemical marker of renal function. The commonest principle for assaying creatinine is the Jaffe reac...

BACKGROUND Urinary angiotensinogen (uAGT) has recently been proposed as a marker of kidney injury and activated intrarenal renin-angiotensin system. We investigated the effects of living donor nephrectomy on uAGT levels, blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria and compensatory hypertrophy in the remaining kidney of living kidney donors. METHODS Twenty living kidney d...

BACKGROUND The use of endogenous plasma creatinine levels and creatinine clearance as a tool to evaluate renal function in mice has come under scrutiny as prior studies have reported that the Jaffé alkaline picrate method grossly overestimates true plasma creatinine in mice. As members of the NIDDK Animal Models of Diabetic Complications Consortium (AMDCC), we evaluated the performance and feas...

In 1886, Max Jaffe discovered a reaction of creatinine with picric acid in an alkaline environment. Although the manuscript describes the nature of a precipitate and does not deal with an analytical assay, Jaffe's landmark paper elucidated the basic principles of the creatinine determination method (originally developed by Otto Folin), which became immensely popular and has easily withstood the...

Numerous low-Mr metabolites--including creatinine, citrate, hippurate, glucose, ketone bodies, and various amino acids--have been identified in 400- and 500-MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra of intact human urine. The presence of many of these was related to the specific condition of the donors: humans in different physiological states (resting, fasting, or post-exercise) a...

Co-trimoxazole is a frequently prescribed antibiotic worldwide. It is composed of both trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazol (Sfx) and is used in the treatment and prophylaxis of urinary tract and Pneumocystis jirovecii infections. The Sfx component appears to be nephrotoxic at high doses or doses inappropriately adjusted for glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The trimethoprim component, even at reco...

BACKGROUND Creatinine calibration by clinical laboratories is important because variability among assays adversely affects the accuracy of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation. We describe the calibration of creatinine assays used in the National Kidney Foundation Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP). METHODS Creatinine values were requested for 200 samples at each of the 2 KEEP labo...

Although creatinine is, other than urea, the most important nitrogenous end product excreted by many animals, very little is known about its metabolic pathway in soil bacteria. Some incomplete studies have been made by early workers (Ackerman, 1913, Linneweh, 1930), mostly with putrefactive bacteria, and they claimed to have identified, besides ammonia, methyl-hydantoin as an end product. Dubos...