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conclusions the use of smoothing methods helps us to eliminate non-linear effects but it is more appropriate to use cox proportional hazards model in medical data because of its’ ease of interpretation and capability of modeling both continuous and discrete covariates. also, cox proportional hazards model and smoothing methods analysis identified that age at diagnosis and tumor size were indepe...

The problems of determining the B–spline form of a C Pythagorean– hodograph (PH) quintic spline curve interpolating given points, and of using this form to make local modifications, are addressed. To achieve the correct order of continuity, a quintic B–spline basis constructed on a knot sequence in which each (interior) knot is of multiplicity 3 is required. C quintic bases on uniform triple kn...

This paper explores the intrinsic link between natural cubic splines and subdivision. Natural cubic splines are deened via the varia-tional problem of minimizing a simple approximation of bending energy. A subdivision scheme is derived which converges to the minimizer of this particular variational problem. x1. Introduction Geometric design is the study of the representation of shapes with math...

A novel modeling method for 3D curve welding seam is presented in this paper based on a welding robot for large workpiece. The 3D curve welding seam tracking is implemented by macro and micro motion which can control translational motion of torch in a large range and implement accurate seam tracking in small range. As such, the self-teaching seam model and real-time seam model are established t...

We study the curvature variation functional, i.e., the integral over the square of arc-length derivative of curvature, along a planar curve. With no other constraints than prescribed position, slope angle, and curvature at the endpoints of the curve, the minimizer of this functional is known as a cubic spiral. It remains a challenge to effectively compute minimizers or approximations to minimiz...

In order to eliminate the weakness of large volumes data in 3D modeling process, a fast and efficient sampling method based on curvature analysis of cubic Bézier curve is presented. With the method, the characteristic points and curvature maximum value of cubic Bézier curve are used as the reference standard of the sampling interval and density. For cubic B-spline curves, the sampling data can ...