Salmonella species are zoonotic pathogens and leading causes of food borne illnesses in humans and livestock. Understanding the mechanisms underlying Salmonella-host interactions are important to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of Salmonella infection. The Gentamicin protection assay to phenotype Salmonella association, invasion and replication in phagocytic cells was adapted to allow high...

Brief pre-exposure of HeLa cells to micromolar concentrations of selenite resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the rate of their sub sequent attachment to a solid matrix (tissue culture dish). Similar low concentrations of selenite also inhibited colony formation, but only when the cells were exposed prior to their attaching to the dish, not when they were exposed after attachment. This ind...

Recently it has become possible to form small networks of synaptically connected identified invertebrate neurons in culture. Using conventional saline-filled glass electrodes, it is difficult to simultaneously stimulate and record from more than 2 or 3 cultured neurons and to perform experiments lasting longer than several hours. We demonstrate that it is possible to overcome these limitations ...

In plant breeding studies, dihaploidization method is used to obtain homozygous pure lines develop varieties in a shorter time. Dihaploidization applied most types of vegetables such as wheat and corn, well vegetable species. Androgenesis methods (anther microspore culture) gynogenesis parthenogenesis (ovula ovary are haploid plants. One the androgenetic methods, shed-microspore culture has bee...

Effects of three-dimensional (3D) calcium phosphate (CaP) porous granules on the growth and odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were examined for dental tissue engineering. hDPSCs isolated from adult human dental pulps were cultured for 3-4 passages, and populated on porous granules. Cell growth on the culture dish showed an ongoing increase for up to 21 days, w...

Both rat derived vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) and human myofibroblasts contain α smooth muscle actin (SMA), but they utilize different mechanisms to contract populated collagen lattices (PCLs). The difference is in how the cells generate the force that contracts the lattices. Human dermal fibroblasts transform into myofibroblasts, expressing α-SMA within stress fibers, when cultured in la...

PURPOSE First, to confirm that corneal endothelial cells in the confluent state have the capability to form cellular covering. Second, to establish a method to study the combined effect of extracellular matrices (ECMs) and growth factors on the biological response in corneal endothelial cells in culture. METHODS Bovine corneal endothelial cells were cultured inside a cylinder set on a plastic...

Brief pre-exposure of HeLa cells to micromolar concentrations of selenite resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the rate of their subsequent attachment to a solid matrix (tissue culture dish). Similar low concentrations of selenite also inhibited colony formation, but only when the cells were exposed prior to their attaching to the dish, not when they were exposed after attachment. This indi...

Human primary muscle cells cultured aneurally in monolayer rarely contract spontaneously because, in the absence of a nerve component, cell differentiation is limited and motor neuron stimulation is missing. These limitations hamper the in vitro study of many neuromuscular diseases in cultured muscle cells. Importantly, the experimental constraints of monolayered, cultured muscle cells can be o...

The ANU dish concentrator, SG4, achieves peak concentration ratios of the order of 14,000x. These high fluxes must be carefully managed to avoid off-axis reflections damaging the dish structure, or creating a hazard in the surrounding environment. Ray tracing using Opticad 10.0 was used to predict peak fluxes on the receiver support structure in a variety of dish-sun positions. Transient and st...