Cysteine is a semi-indispensable AA in neonates and is synthesized from the indispensable AA, methionine, by transsulfuration. We previously showed that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a metabolically important site of methionine transsulfuration to cysteine, yet the metabolic fate of dietary cysteine in the GIT has not been established. Cysteine use by gut epithelial cells may play an impo...

Hepatic cysteine dioxygenase (CDO) activity is a critical regulator of cellular cysteine concentration and availability of cysteine for anabolic processes and is markedly higher in animals fed diets containing excess sulfur amino acids compared with those fed levels at or below the requirement. Rat hepatocytes responded to a deficiency or excess of cysteine in the culture medium with a decrease...

We investigated mechanisms controlling taurine synthesis in cultured rat cerebral astrocytes. The mean ± SE rate of taurine synthesis from extracellular cysteine was 21.2 ± 2.0 pmol ⋅ mg protein-1 ⋅ min-1, whereas taurine degradation was <1.3% of this rate. Eliminating cellular glutathione and inhibiting glutathione biosynthesis increased taurine synthesis from extracellular cysteine by 39%. In...

BACKGROUND Escherichia coli has two L-cysteine biosynthetic pathways; one is synthesized from O-acetyl L-serine (OAS) and sulfate by L-cysteine synthase (CysK), and another is produced via S-sulfocysteine (SSC) from OAS and thiosulfate by SSC synthase (CysM). SSC is converted into L-cysteine and sulfite by an uncharacterized reaction. As thioredoxins (Trx1 and Trx2) and glutaredoxins (Grx1, Grx...

The article presents materials of the review international and domestic scientific papers devoted to technology synthesis research properties nanosized particles based on semiconductor material CdS, cadmium sulfide stabilized by biocompatible amino acid L-cysteine. mainly focuses results that reflect different methods nanoparticles materials, main stages their formation maturation, dependence s...

Cysteine-rich peptides are valued as tags for biarsenical fluorophores and as environmentally important reagents for binding toxic heavy metals. Due to the inherent difficulties created by cysteine, the power of one-bead one-compound (OBOC) libraries has never been applied to the discovery of short cysteine-rich peptides. We have developed the first method for the synthesis, screening, and sequ...

Structure, and consequently properties, of ionic liquids can be easily tailored by changing cation/anion combinations and/or attaching functional groups. By grafting enantiopure moieties to the framework liquid it is possible prepare bioinspired chiral molecules that serve as a reaction medium, additive or even asymmetric catalyst. In this context, new (CILs), based on biomolecules, such aminoa...