Intraduodenal infusions of both lipid and glucose modulate antropyloroduodenal motility and stimulate plasma CCK, with lipid being more potent than glucose. Both stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1, but only lipid stimulates peptide YY (PYY), while only glucose raises blood glucose and stimulates insulin. When administered in combination, lipid and carbohydrate may, thus, have additive effects on...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of a low carbohydrate diet and standard carbohydrate counting on glycaemic control, glucose excursions and daily insulin use compared with standard carbohydrate counting in participants with type 1 diabetes. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN Participants (n=10) with type 1 diabetes using a basal; bolus insulin regimen, who attended a secondary care cli...

Globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), a glycosphingolipid found in the plasma membrane of animal cells, is the endocytic receptor of the bacterial Shiga toxin. Using x-ray reflectivity (XR) and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXD), lipid monolayers containing Gb3 were investigated at the air-water interface. XR probed Gb3 carbohydrate conformation normal to the interface, whereas GIXD precisely ch...

The results of cytological, biochemical, and molecular biological studies clearly demonstrate the significant influence microgravity on main processes plant development, revealing mechanisms which underlie reactions responses to ensure their adaptation this factor. key role in cell function belongs cytoplasmic membrane (CM). First all, by its qualities functions, it can play an important plants...

C-reactive protein (CRP) as it occurs in serum and in all but a very few pathological fluids is associated with a phosphorus-containing substance or substances of lipid character.' It can be obtained from the fraction of serum precipitable by 0.5 to 0.75 saturation with ammonium sulfate, following dialysis against dilute calcium chloride. The complex obtained by this procedure is insoluble in d...

Nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of a lectinribonucleoprotein complex Blood group-related oligosaccharides are ligands in cell-adhesion events Role of glycosylation in cell interactions with extracellular matrix Changes in cell-surface carbohydrate during terminal differentiation of human epidermal keratinocytes The lipo-oligosaccharidic symbiotic signals of Rhizobiurn rneliloti Sulphated g...

Although life-history trade-offs result from the differential acquisition and allocation of nutritional resources to competing physiological functions, many aspects of this topic remain poorly understood. Wing-polymorphic insects, which possess alternative morphs that trade off allocation to flight capability versus early reproduction, provide a good model system for exploring this topic. In th...