This paper analyzes nature protection by a social planner under different ‘utilitarian’ social welfare functions. For that purpose we construct an integrated model of the economy and the ecosystem with explicit consideration of nonhuman species and with competition between human and nonhuman species for land and prey biomass. We characterize and compare the efficient allocations when social wel...

Methods This is a subsequent analysis of the original prospective observational study run in 36 intensive care units in France, Spain and Switzerland over a three month period. All patients requiring intubation and MV were enrolled. MV modality, results of spontaneous breathing trials (SBT) and extubation, therapeutic limitation as well as survival were daily collected until ICU discharge or da...

This paper investigates the nature of paths in the standard neoclassical aggregative model of economic growth that are maximal according to the Suppes-Sen grading principle. This is accomplished by relating such paths to paths which are utilitarian maximal when an increasing (but not necessarily concave) utility function evaluates each period’s consumption. Dynamic properties of Suppes-Sen maxi...

The aims of this study were (i) to examine gender differences between the Molten H3X5000 ball and resin-free d60 with regard throwing velocity accuracy according two conditions, situation instruction received, (ii) analyse player’s subjective perception on types. sample comprised 29 handball players (18 men 11 women), who carried out a protocol measure velocity, accuracy, perception. main resul...

In this paper we investigate experimentally the effects of a wage tax financed unemployment benefit system on the development of the budget deficit, unemployment, and some other indicators of economic performance in an international economy. We find support for the hypothesis that out-of-equilibrium price uncertainty affects the behavior of economic agents. Due to uncertainty about prices risk-...

Happiness research in economics takes reported subjective well-being as a proxy measure for utility and has already provided many interesting insights about human well-being and its determinants. We argue that future research on happiness in economics has a lot of potential, but that it needs to be guided more by theory. We propose two ways to test theories of happiness, and illustrate them wit...

This paper is a companion to a recent paper on fast rotation functions [Storoni et al. (2004), Acta Cryst. D60, 432-438], which showed how a Taylor-series expansion of the maximum-likelihood rotation function leads to improved likelihood-enhanced fast rotation functions. In a similar manner, it is shown here how linear and quadratic Taylor-series expansions and least-squares approximations of t...

Happiness and Economic Growth: The Evidence Long term trends in happiness and income are not related; short term fluctuations in happiness and income are positively associated. Evidence for this is found in time series data for developed countries, transition countries, and less developed countries, whether analyzed separately or pooled. Skeptics, who claim that the long term time series trend ...

In this paper, we estimate a mixed logit model for demand in the U.S. processed cheese market. The estimates are used to determine pass-through rates of cost changes under different behavioral regimes. We find that, under collusion, the pass-through rates for all brands fall between 21% and 31% while, under Bertrand-Nash price competition, the range of pass-through rates are between 73% and 103...