In the present study the efficacy Botulism vaccine (formalinised aluminum hydroxide gel adsorbed toxoid of Clostridium botulinum types C and D) was evaluated in four Danish dairy cows under field conditions. Other four dairy herds were unvaccinated. Blood serum of all animals was analyzed for specific C. botulinum types A, B, C, D and E antibodies using a developed ELISA. Feces of all animals w...

A scientific substantiation of the main directions program for creating a domestic breed red dairy cattle has been developed, which provides pure breeding and various cross-breeding options to obtain high-producing animals with good reproductive performance productive longevity.

Animals are routinely subjected to painful procedures, such as tail docking for puppies, castration for piglets, dehorning for dairy calves, and surgery for laboratory rats. Disease and injury, such as tumours in mice and sole ulcers on the feet of dairy cows, may also cause pain. In this paper we describe some of the ways in which the pain that animals experience can be recognized and quantifi...

Genetic evaluation of dairy animals requires rather large datasets, possibly larger than what is feasible to observe directly through chemical analyses for milk composition and quality traits because they are costly and time consuming. An alternative and more convenient method – use of infrared (IR) spectra – has been proposed (Goulden, 1964). Fourier transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry is...