The objective of the current study was to examine the effect of pasteurization of waste milk, used to feed dairy calves, on the bacterial diversity of their lower gut. Using 16S rDNA bacterial tag-encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing, fecal samples from dairy calves, ages 1 wk to 6 mo old and fed either pasteurized or nonpasteurized waste milk, were analyzed for bacterial diversity. Calves were ...

Podhorský A., A. Pechová, r. dvořák, L. Pavlata: Metabolic Disorders in Dairy Calves in Postpartum Period. Acta vet. Brno 2007, 76: s45-s53. the aim of this study was, in terms of analysis of causes of disorders in calves on dairy farms, to evaluate occurrence of metabolic disorders in their postnatal period. In 23 agricultural farms (14 farms with the incidence of clinical forms of disease in ...

The California (CA) and Wisconsin (WI) clinical scoring systems have been proposed for bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) detection in preweaned dairy calves. The screening sensitivity (SSe), for estimating BRDC prevalence in a cohort of calves, diagnostic sensitivity (DSe), for confirming BRDC in ill calves, and specificity (Sp) were estimated for each of the scoring systems, as well as...

Lundborg, K. 2004. Housing, management and health in Swedish dairy calves. Doctor’s dissertation. ISSN 1401-6257, ISBN 91-576-6656-3 This thesis discusses the results of an observational study conducted in dairy herds in the south-western Sweden and a questionnaire survey of dairy herds done throughout Sweden. In the observational study the health of 3 081 heifer calves in 122 dairy herds was m...

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are pathogens of significant public health concern. Several studies have confirmed that cattle are the main reservoir of STEC in Argentina and other countries. Although Shiga toxins represent the primary virulence factors of STEC, the adherence and colonization of the gut are also important in the pathogenesis of the bacteria. The aim of this study ...

Colostrum management is the single most important management factor in determining calf health and survival. Unfortunately, a significant proportion of North American dairy calves suffer from failure of passive transfer of antibodies from colostrum, contributing to excessively high preweaning mortality rates and other short- and long-term losses associated with animal health, welfare, and produ...

Stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), are among the most damaging arthropod pests of cattle worldwide. The last estimate of their economic impact on United States cattle production was published 20 yr ago and placed losses at $608 million. Subsequently, several studies of effects of stable flies on beef cattle weight gain and feed efficiency have been published, and stable flies have become i...

In this experiment six healthy adult dairy Jersey cattles and eight calves (aged 4-6 months) were selected to measure temperature of different body skin sites, rectal temperature, respiration and heart rates during summer and winter. Body sites maximum and minimum temperature in calves during summer belonged to the ear, forehead, right flank, abdomen (38.4-38.9 ˚C) and carpus (32 ˚C). This was ...

The 2002 NAHM's Dairy Survey indicated that 87.2% of dairy farms in the United States feed waste milk to their neonatal calves. Although cost-effective, this practice can lead to increased calf morbidity and mortality due to ingestion of pathogenic agents. In an effort to reduce the risk of infection, dairy producers are implementing on-farm pasteurization of the waste milk as a control procedu...

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dietary supplementation of ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oils(EO)on nutrients digestibility, blood parameters and growth performanceof neonatal dairy calves during eight weeks. Sixty suckling dairy calves with an initial body weight (43.2±3.8 kg) were randomly allocated to five treatments including CO, contr...