A prewashing step was used to remove ash from straw pulping solid residue (waste wheat straw, WWS) prior to pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. The effects of prewashing on the effectiveness of liquid hot water pretreatment (LHWP) and dilute acid pretreatment (DAP) were investigated. Prewashing effectively removed the ash in raw WWS. However, a certain amount of polysaccharides was also remo...

I . A technique for the separation and colorimetric estimation of z,4-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) using automated ion-exchange chromatography coupled with an acid ninhydrin detection system is described. 2. Only traces of DAP were found in rumen protozoa and no DAP was detected in rumen fluid prepared by ultracentrifugation or dialysis. 3. The concentration of DAP in rumen bacteria from sheep on ...

UNLABELLED Treatment of multidrug-resistant enterococci has become a challenging clinical problem in hospitals around the world due to the lack of reliable therapeutic options. Daptomycin (DAP), a cell membrane-targeting cationic antimicrobial lipopeptide, is the only antibiotic with in vitro bactericidal activity against vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). However, the clinical use of DAP ...

Background. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia (MRSAB) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Vancomycin (VAN) is the drug of choice for MRSAB, optimization of VAN dosing is challenging in the setting of an elevated MIC (>1-2mcg/ml). Daptomycin (DAP) is an alternative for MRSAB, however DAP MICs tend to be elevated among patients with elevated VAN MIC...

Muropeptides are fragments of peptidoglycan that trigger innate immune responses by activating nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) 1 and NOD2. Muropeptides from Gram-negative bacteria contain a meso-diaminopimelic acid (meso-DAP) residue in either a terminal or a non-terminal position. While the former ones are known to be recognized by NOD1, much less is known about recognition of ...

Van Lunteren, Erik, and Michelle Moyer. Effects of DAP on diaphragm force and fatigue, including fatigue due to neurotransmission failure. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(5): 2214– 2220, 1996.—Among the aminopyridines, 3,4-diaminopyridine (DAP) is a more effective K1 channel blocker than is 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and, furthermore, DAP enhances neuromuscular transmission. Because 4-AP improves muscle cont...

Dystrophin is a multidomain protein that links the actin cytoskeleton to laminin in the extracellular matrix through the dystrophin associated protein (DAP) complex. The COOH-terminal domain of dystrophin binds to two components of the DAP complex, syntrophin and dystrobrevin. To understand the role of syntrophin and dystrobrevin, we previously generated a series of transgenic mouse lines expre...

Specific three-point hydrogen bonding between diamidopyridine (DAP) and thymine (Thy) was employed to reversibly anchor "brush-like" Tri-DAP end-functionalized polystyrene onto Thy-modified silica surfaces.

We consider the problem of exploiting non-determin-istic dependent and-parallelism (DAP) from Prolog programs. The main issues that arise in designing a parallel Prolog system for exploiting DAP are discussed. Three criteria for eecient exploitation of DAP are also developed. These criteria are then used to evaluate and classify existing execution models proposed for exploiting DAP. These crite...