The usual two types of town wastes, viz. rubbish (katchra) and night-soil, are dealt with separately in their sanitary disposal. In most municipal towns in this province, katchra is stacked in heaps above ground, and near the outskirts of the town. Our observations have shown that it is as much a source of fly nuisance as the night-soil, but very little attention is paid to its sanitary disposa...

C around the world are researching, developing and demonstrating disposal of long-lived radioactive waste in engineered repositories located in suitable deep underground geological formations as the reference solution to protect present and future generations and the environment. In some countries, actual implementation of geological disposal projects is only a few years away. Countries are als...

Following the ban on deep sea disposal of radioactive wastes in 1983 the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) in the United Kingdom (UK) has stored plutonium (Pu) and uranium (U) contaminated wastes on site in 200 l steel drums or as wrapped packages containing filters or other materials. This was because of difficulty in demonstrating compliance with the with the 100 Bq/g Pu alpha activity limit...

BACKGROUND Environmental impacts of human activities on the deep seafloor are of increasing concern. While activities within waters shallower than 200 m have been the focus of previous assessments of anthropogenic impacts, no study has quantified the extent of individual activities or determined the relative severity of each type of impact in the deep sea. METHODOLOGY The OSPAR maritime area ...

Countries around the world are researching, developing and demonstrating disposal of long-lived radioactive waste in engineered repositories located in suitable deep underground geological formations as the reference solution to protect present and future generations and the environment. In some countries, actual implementation of geological disposal projects is only a few years away. Countries...

The rapid rise of shale gas development through horizontal drilling and high volume hydraulic fracturing has expanded the extraction of hydrocarbon resources in the U.S. The rise of shale gas development has triggered an intense public debate regarding the potential environmental and human health effects from hydraulic fracturing. This paper provides a critical review of the potential risks tha...

The storage of high level radioactive waste is still an unresolved problem of the nuclear industry, being geological disposal the most favoured option and, naturally, the one requiring the strongest geo-mechanical input. Most conceptual designs for the deep geological disposal of nuclear waste envisage placing the canisters containing the waste in horizontal drifts or vertical boreholes. The em...

Disposal of concentrate from brackish water desalination plants by deep well injection into oil and gas fields is an attractive option in Texas. Underpressured depleted oil and gas reservoirs cover large areas of the state. Six areas were selected from across Texas for detailed analysis. These sites were characterized by abundant brackish groundwater, a projected shortage of freshwater, deplete...

A systematic, global and integration concept is applied upon garbage disposal problem caused by the substantial increase of garbage in China's cities and towns to promote the coordinated development of garbage stations. A kind of echelon pattern of urban circle solid waste disposal is put forward as well as five key technologies which are essential to be used in the pattern. The echelon pattern...