This paper studies the merits of using knot interval notation for B-spline curves, and presents formulae in terms of knot intervals for common B-spline operations such as knot insertion, differentiation, and degree elevation. Using knot interval notation, the paper introduces MD-splines, which are B-spline-like curves that are comprised of polynomial segments of various degrees (MD stands for “...

The presentation of Bézier surfaces affects the results of rendering and tessellating applications greatly. To achieve optimal parameterization, we present two reparameterization algorithms using linear Möbius transformations and quadratic transformations, respectively. The quadratic reparameterization algorithm can produce more satisfying results than the Möbius reparameterization algorithm wi...

Abstract Background Hearing loss can greatly affect the overall quality of life. Several studies have reported that patients with SLE may suffer from audio-vestibular manifestations. The aim this study is to evaluate influence systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on hearing and association impairment severity duration SLE. Results Pure-tone audiometry (PTA) (air conduction bone conduction) thresh...

This paper is concerned with a generalization of BernsteinBézier curves. A one parameter family of rational BernsteinBézier curves is introduced based on a de Casteljau type algorithm. A subdivision procedure is discussed , and matrix representation and degree elevation formulas are obtained. We also represent conic sections using rational q-BernsteinBézier curves.

A new clinical test for the detection of retinal elevation is described. The test, based on alterations of retinal surface light reflexes during indirect ophthalmoscopy, is extremely sensitive to very shallow detachments. The optics, the degree of sensitivity, and the limitations of the new clinical technique are examined and other clinical methods are reviewed.

The effect of diabetes mellitus on the normal dark adaptation curve is investigated. It has been found that diabetic patients take longer to adapt and that their absolute thresholds are raised. The degree of elevation in the final threshold correlates with the duration of diabetes.

Climate change is expected to favor shifts in plant distributions; some such shifts are already being observed along elevation gradients. However, the rate of such shifts may be limited by their ability to reach newly suitable areas and by competition from resident species. The degree of local adaptation and genetic variation may also play a role in the interaction between migrants and resident...

The use of development threat as a tool in conservation prioritization is becoming increasingly common. When used as a component of a larger planning methodology that may include factors such as biological integrity, area, and connectivity, degree of threat may help an organization to protect a larger amount of land that it would otherwise have been able to. I develop two models of development:...

the aim of the study is the classification of landform based on elevation, slope, relief and curvature inputs (old method) and topographic position index (tpi) (new method) in the south of bojnoord. the input data for the two methods is a digital elevation model (dem). the results of topographic position index (tpi) model showed that most area of landform were covered by class 5 (plains small) ...

In this study, a numerical computational fluid dynamics study is conducted in order to predict the aerodynamic forces on the NP car. The turbulent air flow around the car is modeled using the realizable k-ε model. First, results are validated against those presented for the Ahmed’s body. Next, the fluid flow around the car is simulated for different car speeds ( to mph) and fl...