nicotine transdermal systems are being used as an aid to smoking cessation programs. as the kinetics of nicotine delivery is important in success of a smoking cessation program, rapid and high input of nicotine is required, which is not possible by passive methods and requires enhancement strategies such as iontophoresis. iontophoretic permeation, of nicotine looks promising, based on published...

chitosan with excellent biodegradable and biocompatible characteristics has received attention as an oral drug delivery vehicle for controlled-release formulations. in this study an enteric-coated capsule containing theophylline-chitosan beads based on 23 factorial designs was prepared as a colon drug delivery system. the theophylline-chitosan gel beads were formulated by adding the drug-contai...

niosomes, non-ionic surfactant vesicles (nsvs), are the hydrated lipids composed mainly of different classes of non-ionic surfactants, introduced in the seventies as a cosmetic vehicle. nowadays, niosomes are used as important new drug delivery systems by many research groups and also they are effective immunoadjuvants which some commercial forms are available in the market. these vesicles rece...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa background : routine episiotomy is a controversial issue among gynecologists. the aim of this study was to compare early maternal and neonatal complications of restrictive episiotomy and routine episiotomy in primiparus vaginal delivery. methods : in this descriptive cross-sectional study, two groups of primiparus normal vaginal delivery (nvd) cases...

conclusions eudragit coated nanoparticle of chitosan is an efficient choice for oral delivery of dna to upper part of gi tract. results the mean size and zeta potential of particles were 300 ± 4 nm and 14 ± 0.5 mv, respectively. encapsulation of this system was 89.6 ± 1.2%. dna release from batches was less than 12% at ph = 5.2 and more than 60% at ph = 6.8 with significant difference of p < 0....

carbon nanotubes (cnts) are high aspect ratio allotropes of carbon. because of their unique physical and chemical characteristics, they are nominated for a vast variety of applications in the biomedical field. their very low solubility is the only problem of them which is solved by different methods of functionalization. after discoveries in the last few years of the capacity of cnts to penetra...

background and purpose: special attention has been paid to instructor and preceptor in nursing and midwifery education. this study aims to explore the experiences and perceptions of midwifery students about implementing preceptorship program in delivery setting. methods: the current study is a qualitative research. the focus groups and in-depth interviews were used as data collection tools. tar...

in this work we synthesized of mesoporous silica nanoparticles and functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to improve the loading and release of ibuprofen bonded to 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. sample were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy , x-ray diffraction, and ultraviolet-visible. the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy resu...

in this descriptive study, we investigated how mother and infant rooming method after delivery are implementing in academic hospitals of tehran university of medical sciences in 1993. in this research, fifteen wards include post delivery ward, surgical ward that mothers after cesarean section hospitalized in them and jointed ward that mothers who underwent cesarean section and normal vaginal de...

topical and transdermal drug delivery systems are noninvasive and can be self-administered with the minimization of side-effects, have received increased attention during the past few years. nanoemulsions, emulsions sized between 20-200 nm with narrow distributions, offer several advantages for topical and transdermal delivery of pharmaceutical agents including controlled droplet size, the abil...