Superior supply chains are one of the best ways to compete in today's marketplaces. In Supply Chain Management, overall supply chain evaluation needs to include an important logistical effect known as the Bullwhip Effect. It shows how small changes at the demand end of a supply chain are progressively amplified up the supply chain. Production plans are based on demand forecasting and suppliers ...

Production planning policies have a direct impact on demand propagation and the overall performance of manufacturing supply chains. The relationship between production planning and supply chain behavior is important because the planning decisions play a major role in determining how demand propagates through the supply tiers. In this paper, we study supply chain demand behavior via computationa...

This paper studies a supply chain coordinated by a revenue-sharing contract in fuzzy environment. Two kinds of fuzzy programming models are discussed: revenue-sharing contract with fuzzy linear demand model and fuzzy iso-price-elastic demand model. Supply chain coordination in both centralized decision setting and centralized decision setting are achieved by obtaining the optimal solutions in t...

Information technology is vital to supply chain management in the areas of integration and information sharing. Demand-Driven is a characteristic in Lean and Agile supply chains. Based on recent developments, we suggest that there is a new demand-driven strategy emerging for supply chain management. This new form of demand-driven strategy is information technology intensive and is becoming a di...

In this paper, a two-echelon supply chain, which includes two products based on the following considerations, has been studied and the bullwhip effect is quantified. Providing a measure for bullwhip effect that enables us to analyze and reduce this phenomenon in supply chains with two products is the basic purpose of this paper. Demand of products is presented by the first order vector autoregr...

Demand forecasting and decision making processes are among the key activities which directly affect the performance of successful supply chain networks. The variability of the demand information between the stages of the supply chains and the increase in this variability as the demand data moves upstream from the customer to consequent stages of the supply chain networks is called Bullwhip Effe...

Demand prediction plays a key role in supply chain management of fresh agricultural products enterprises and its algorithm research is a hotspot for the researchers related. A new algorithm for demand prediction of supply chain management of fresh agricultural products is advanced based on BP neural network and immune genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm. First, the deficiencies of tra...

Uncertain demand is one of the most important uncertainties in supply chain management. Different from the traditional methods, such as dynamic inventory control, estimation of demand, we propose to apply postponement strategy to treat uncertain demand in the process of distribution in supply chain. Postponement has been appreciated in recent decades, mainly in manufacturing period of realizing...

Three activated sludge reactors of different sizes and designs, one in pilot-plant-scale of 7,000 gallon liquid volume, and two in benchscales of 7.5 gallon and 1.2 gallon liquid volumes, respectively, were used to evaluate the scale-up effects on the process at outdoor temperatures. The reactors were operated under equivalent conditions by regulating the mean cell residence time, mean hydrauli...