objective(s): this study evaluated the effect of swimming exercise during spontaneous methamphetamine (meth) withdrawal on the anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) and voluntary meth consumption in meth-dependent rats.  materials and methods: male wistar rats were repeatedly administered with bi-daily doses of meth (2 mg/kg, subcutaneous) over a period of 14 days. exercised ...

The bark of Lophira lanceolata (Ochnaceae) has been used traditionally for the treatment many disease conditions such as dysentery, headaches, diarrhoea, cough, abdominal pains, fungal infections, nociception and cardiovascular diseases. However, no specific work on its anti-inflammatory or antipyretic effect reported which forms basis this study. This study evaluates in-vivo activities aqueous...

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a multifactorial disease, highly associated with aging and characterized by increased prostate smooth muscle (PSM) contractility. Animal models have been employed to explore the aging-associated PSM hypercontractility; however, studies focused in old animals, neglecting initial alterations early ages. The determination of dysfunctions onset crucial understa...

Our goals were to determine whether chronic exposure to nicotine alters nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent reactivity of cerebral (pial) arterioles and to identify a potential role for NADPH oxidase in impaired NOS-dependent responses during chronic exposure to nicotine. We measured in vivo diameter of pial arterioles to NOS-dependent (acetylcholine and ADP) and -independent (nitroglycerin) ...

Abstract The aim of the present study was to establish a novel method for inducing deep hypothermia in rats. Cooling rats anesthetized with isoflurane caused time-dependent decrease rectal temperature, but cardiac arrest occurred before their body temperature reached 20 °C when inhalation continued during cooling process. Stopping 22.5 successfully induced hypothermia, although stopping at 27.5...

Objective(s): There is controversial evidence about the effect of methamphetamine (METH) on spatial memory. We tested the time- dependent effects of METH on spatial short-term (working) and long-term (reference) memory in METH –sensitized and withdrawn rats in the Morris water maze. Materials and Methods: Rats were sensitized to METH (2 mg/kg, daily/5 days, SC). Rats were trained in water maze ...

Acetaminophen (AAP) is a commonly analgesic found in numerous non-prescription pharmaceuticals. High dose and chronic ingestion of AAP caused renal toxicity. This study designed to assess the possible nephroprotective role flaxseed oil (FSO) male rats. Nephrotoxicity was induced rats via ingested single (3 g/kg). Five groups were used; Control, AAP, FSO (1.5 ml/kg) + (4.5 AAP. Rats received ora...


 Purpose: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of ormosanine on rat model Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and mechanism(s) action involved.
 Methods: Rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups (10 rats/group): control group, AD 25 mg ormosanine/kg 50 group. (AD) was induced in rats via intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection amyloid-β (Aβ)25-35 at a concentration 1 mg/mL. Cognitive funct...

there are many discrepancies around the effect of sex hormones on spatial learning and memory in rodents. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of chronic administration of estradiol (es) and testosterone (tes) on spatial memory in adult castrated male rats. cholinesterase activity of the hippocampus in treated animals was also measured to seek if hormonal treatment can ch...