T h e PROSPECT leaf optical properties and SAIL canopy reflectance models were coupled and inverted using a set of 96 AVIRIS (Airborne Visible~Infrared Imaging Spectrometer) equivalent spectra gathered in afield experiment on sugar beet plots expressing a large range in leaf area index, chlorophyll concentration, and soil color. In a first attempt, the model accurately reproduced the spectral r...

background and aim . vertical and horizontal bone resorption of the alveolar ridge are common in edentulous jaws. in the distal area of the maxilla, an adequate bone volume is often lacking because of the proximity of the sinus cavities to crestal bone. sinus floor augmentation is an established way of increasing the height and volume of bone in the posterior region of the maxilla, which increa...

Background and Aim: Understanding the vascular anatomy of the maxillary sinus plays an important role in the success of sinus grafting and determining the location of lateral osteotomy. The aim of the present study was to localize the posterior superior al-veolar artery (PSAA) and to measure the distance from this vascular canal to the maxil-lary sinus floor and alveolar crest by cone-beam comp...

Estimates of canopy height (H) and fractional canopy cover (FC) derived from lidar data collected during leaf-on and leaf-off conditions are compared with field measurements from 80 forested riparian buffer plots. The purpose is to determine if existing lidar data flown in leaf-off conditions for applications such as terrain mapping can effectively estimate forested riparian buffer H and FC wit...

maxillary sinus aplasia and hypoplasia are rare conditions that can cause symptoms such as headaches and voice alteration. the majority of patients are asymptomatic, but these conditions must be noticed for importance of differential diagnosis such as infection and neoplasms. conventional radiographs could not differentiate between infl ammatory mucosal thickening, neoplasm, and hypoplasia of t...

OBJECTIVE We describe a novel 3-dimensional (3-D) stereoendoscope and discuss our early experience using it to provide improved depth perception during transsphenoidal pituitary surgery. METHODS Thirteen patients underwent endonasal endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery. A 6.5-, 4.9-, or 4.0-mm, 0- and 30-degree rigid 3-D stereoendoscope (Visionsense, Ltd., Petach Tikva, Israel) was used in all ...

The purpose of this study is to determine the anatomical features of the sphenoid sinus using computerized tomography (CT). 100 Sudanese subjects were investigated for CT sinuses; Characterization of the sphenoid sinus and seven horizontal and vertical measurements were evaluated. Onodi cell was found in 13 subjects, 10 of them were sellar and 3 were pre-sellar. Pneumatization was of the sellar...