low glucose condition induces neuronal cell-death via intracellular mechanisms including mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapk) signaling pathways. it has been shown that low glucose medium decreases neuronal survival in cerebellar granule neurons (cgns). in this study, we have examined the activation of jnk, p38kinase and erk1/2 pathways in low glucose medium in cgns. the cgns were prepared ...

background and purpose: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) is present in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in high concentrations and has an important role in development, maintenance and regeneration of the nervous system. the aim of this study was to produce active bdnf in e.coli using transforming plasmid. methods: to construct an expression plasmid of bdnf, a gene coding for it was ...

The early incidence of p53 mutation in astrocytomas suggests that it plays an important role in astrocyte transformation. Astrocytes isolated from homozygous p53 knockout mice grow rapidly, lack contact inhibition, and are immortal. Here we tested whether the loss of p53 is sufficient for progression to tumorigenicity of astrocytes. We grew primary astrocytes under three conditions for over 120...

introduction: natural biomaterials and growth factors are key factors in tissue engineering. the objective of the present study was to evaluate transforming growth factor beta 1 (tgf-β1) and curcumin on proliferation and differentiation of nasal-derived chondrocyte seeded on the fibrin glue scaffold. methods: chondrocytes were isolated from nasal samples. nasal-derived chondrocytes were seeded ...

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signals through several pathways, including mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, Jun kinase, and C kinase, and stimulates proliferation of fibroblasts. Pentoxifylline inhibits PDGF-driven proliferation of fibroblasts. We have reported that pentoxifylline did not inhibit binding of PDGF to its specific cell-surface receptors or PDGF receptor phosphorylati...

Urokinase (uPA)-induced signaling in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) elicits important cellular functional responses, such as cell migration and proliferation. However, how intracellular signaling is linked to glycolipid-anchored uPA receptor (uPAR) is unknown. We provide evidence that uPAR activation by uPA induces its association with platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-...

Using phage display, we identified Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor (NHERF)-2 as a novel binding partner for the cadherin-associated protein, beta-catenin. We showed that the second of two PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1 (PDZ) domains of NHERF interacts with a PDZ-binding motif at the very carboxy terminus of beta-catenin. N-cadherin expression has been shown to induce motility in a number of cell types. The...

Complete loss of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor signaling results in embryonic lethality around embryonic day 9.5, but the cause of this lethality has not been identified. Because cardiovascular failure often results in embryonic lethality at this time point, we hypothesized that a failure in cardiovascular development could be the cause. To assess the combined role of PDGF rece...

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are cell surface glycoproteins with enzymatic activity involved in the regulation of various important functions. In all-important physiological functions including differentiation, cell-cell interactions, survival, proliferation, metabolism, migration and signaling these receptors are the key players of regulation. Additionally, mutations of RTKs or their overe...