Limb resonance imparts a characteristic spectrum to hand tremor. Movement will alter the resonance. We have examined the consequences of this change. Rectified forearm extensor muscle EMG and physiological hand tremor were recorded. In postural conditions the EMG spectrum is relatively flat whereas the acceleration spectrum is sharply peaked. Consequently, the gain between EMG and acceleration ...

the harmony search algorithm is applied to optimum designs of a functionally graded (fg)-carbon naotubes (cnts)-reinforced pipes conveying fluid subjected to moving load. the structure is modeled by reddy cylindrical shell theory and the motion equations are derived by hamilton's principal. based on differential quadrature method (dqm), the dynamic displacement of system is derived. the le...

We investigate the spallative production of the light elements, Li, Be and B (LiBeB), associated with the evolution of a superbubble (SB) blown by repeated supernovae (SNe) in an OB association. It is shown that if about ten percent of the SN energy can power the acceleration of particles from the material inside the SB, the observed abundances of LiBeB in halo stars, as a function of O, can be...

We investigate the spallative production of the light elements, Li, Be and B (LiBeB), associated with the evolution of a superbubble (SB) blown by repeated supernovae (SNe) in an OB association. It is shown that if about ten percent of the SN energy can power the acceleration of particles from the material inside the SB, the observed abundances of LiBeB in halo stars, as a function of O, can be...

The direct current (DC) electric field near the reconnection region has been proposed as an effective mechanism to accelerate protons and electrons in solar flares. A power-law energy spectrum was generally claimed in the simulations of electron acceleration by the reconnection electric field. However, in most of the literature, the electric and magnetic fields were chosen independently. In thi...

We briefly discuss three aspects related to the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) namely: 1) particle acceleration in astrophysical sources; 2) transition to an extragalactic origin; 3) spectrum and anisotropies at the highest energies.

A structural monitoring project in Singapore is described in which an RTK-GPS system comprising a pair of Leica GPS receivers installed on the Republic Plaza Building (at 280m, the maximum height of any Singaporean building) will be used to generate time series of antenna positions. This system will contribute to a project of monitoring that commenced in 1995 with the installation of two pairs ...

A structural monitoring project in Singapore is described, in which an RTK-GPS system comprising a pair of Leica GPS receivers installed on the Republic Plaza building (at 280m, the maximum height of any Singaporean building) will be used to generate time series of antenna positions. This system will contribute to a project of monitoring that commenced in 1995 with the installation of two pairs...

Radiation Pressure Acceleration by circularly polarized laser pulses has been proposed and widely investigated theoretically as a promising scheme for efficient generation of ions. In particular, the use of ultrathin targets may allow to reach energies per nucleon beyond the GeV range. The first, recently reported experiments appear to confirm the basic mechanism and i...

Performance of structures during recent earthquakes shows that the effect of vertical component of earthquake (VCE) could be considered as one of the main causes of bridges collapse. In most of bridge design codes, for seismic analysis of bridges, VCE is not taken into account or a distinguished method isn’t presented for assessment of VCE. In the present work, the effect of VCE on two existing...