Late presentation of HIV is common. It has been associated with greater risk of AIDS, death, lower immunological response, greater toxicity and a higher probability of transmission. In this study we review the impact of different definitions in terms of mortality and morbidity, associated factors, economic implications, as well as strategies for increasing diagnosis.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the extent of delay in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in primary care, and to identify determinants that are associated with such diagnostic delay. DESIGN Retrospective observational study. SETTING 6 primary care practices across the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS Data from patients with an objectively confirmed diagnosis of PE (International Classification of ...

Investigators from Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, retrospectively reviewed 179 records of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) evaluated between 1989 and 2012. Diagnosis was confirmed by genetic testing or muscle biopsy, and clinical data were complete in 107 patients.

As known, to finish this book, you may not need to get it at once in a day. Doing the activities along the day may make you feel so bored. If you try to force reading, you may prefer to do other entertaining activities. But, one of concepts we want you to have this book is that it will not make you feel bored. Feeling bored when reading will be only unless you don't like the book. test and diag...

SIR Early diagnosis of HIV infection has many advantages; it allows timely prophylaxis against opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis carinii and Mycobacterium tuberculosis and early recognition and treatment of HIV related complications. Moreover, counselling of people with HIV infection may reduce the further spread of the epidemic. Early diagnosis of HIV infection also has certain dis...

SETTING Tuberculosis (TB) control programmes in Bangladesh, India and Malawi. OBJECTIVE To compare the interval from symptom onset to diagnosis of TB for men and women, and to assess socio-cultural and gender-related features of illness explaining diagnostic delay. DESIGN Semi-structured Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC) interviews were administered to 100 or more patients at eac...

In five patients, a 46-year-old Surinamese man, a 45-year-old Dutch barkeeper, a 41-year-old woman from Eritrea, and an 18-year-old Afghan woman and her 43-year-old mother, tuberculosis was diagnosed and treated after a considerable delay. Such a late diagnosis and subsequent treatment is not uncommon for tuberculosis as the symptoms, physical examination, laboratory tests, imaging techniques a...

A framework to adaptively perform delay fault diagnosis is introduced. We propose a methodology to perform diagnosis taking into account the effect of test vector on the propagation delay along a path. An ATPG capable of generating test vectors that cannot be invalidated due to process variations in the submicron technology is used for diagnosis purposes. The proposed framework also has the abi...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether a multistage tracking system could improve communication between health care providers, reducing the risk of delay in diagnosis related to inconsistent communication and tracking of radiology follow-up recommendations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Unconditional recommendations for imaging follow-up of all diagnostic imaging modalities excl...

BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic destructive and inflammatory disease of the axial skeleton manifested by back pain and progressive stiffness of the spine. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to evaluate and identify factors leading to delayed diagnosis of AS in Iranian patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty patients, (53 males, 7 females) with a dia...