MEDICUS2 is an Intelligent Problem Solving Environment (IPSE) currently under development. It is designed to support i) the construction of explanation models, and ii) the training of diagnostic reasoning and hypotheses testing in domains of complex, fragile, and uncertain knowledge. MEDICUS is currently developed and applied in the epidemiological fields of environmentally caused diseases and ...

The eeective diagnosis of complex systems requires reasoning with multiple models of the system. Recent research in reasoning about complex systems has been directed towards the representation of, and reasoning with, multiple models. This paper addresses some representational issues that arise when a diagnostic problem solver is equipped with the means of reasoning with multiple models of a sys...

MEDICUS (modeling, explanation, and diagnostic support for complex, uncertain subject matters) is an intelligent modeling and diagnosis environment designed to support the construction of explanation models and diagnostic reasoning in domains where knowledge is complex, fragile, and uncertain. MEDICUS is developed in collaboration with several medical institutions in the epidemiological fields ...

This paper introduces a set of comprehensive general reasoning rules about single faults based on a diagnostic matrix. The reasoning scheme unifies inference about faults based on a conventional binary diagnostic matrix, a twoand three-valued fault isolation system as well as on their fuzzy counterparts. There are introduced and defined notions of alternative and dominant fault signatures, fuzz...

Physicians often take shortcuts in diagnostic reasoning by being selective in the information that they gather and follow-up on. Although necessary, these shortcuts are susceptible to cognitive biases and may cause diagnostic errors. The aim of this study is to examine the occurrence of inappropriate selectivity in the information-gathering and information-processing stages of the diagnostic pr...

Diagnostic problem solving involves a myriad of reasoning tasks associated with the determination of diagnoses, the generation and execution of tests to discriminate diagnoses, and the determination and execution of actions to alleviate symptoms and/or their root causes. Fundamental to diagnostic problem solving is the need to reason about action and change. In this work we explore these myriad...

Internet fault diagnosis today is slow, costly, and error-prone because it requires humans to run diagnostic tests and interpret their results. A fully autonomous self-diagnosing network could greatly improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, but such a network requires a common language for expressing diagnostic knowledge and data, and a protocol for distributed probabilistic diagnostic reas...

BACKGROUND The impact of context on the complex process of clinical reasoning is not well understood. Using situated cognition as the theoretical framework and videos to provide the same contextual "stimulus" to all participants, we examined the relationship between specific contextual factors on diagnostic and therapeutic reasoning accuracy in board certified internists versus resident physici...