1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloroaluminate, [bmim]Cl·AlCl3, N=0.67 and 1-butylpyridinium chloroaluminate, [bpy]Cl·AlCl3, N=0.67 ionic liquids were found to work well as the Lewis acid catalyst and solvent in the Knoevenagel condensations of benzaldehyde and substituted benzaldehydes with diethyl malonate to give benzylidene malonates. The benzylidene malonates subsequently underwent Michael ad...

In past years, malonate has been extensively used in mammalian systems in vitro as an inhibitor of the citric acid cycle with very little attention given its metabolism per se. Lifson and Stolen (1) demonstrated the conversion of V-labeled malonate to carbon dioxide in the intact mouse. Later, Lee and Lifson (2) found that the administration to rats of doses of U3-labeled malonate at an inhibit...

The hydrolysis of the esters of the dicarboxylic fatty acids, malonic and succinic, by lipase has not been the subject of careful study. Doyen and Morel (1) observed that serum lipase caused hydrolysis of diethyl succinatc? but the results are difficult of interpretation from a quantitative standpoint. Kastle (2) stated that diethyl succinate was readily hydrolyzed by liver lipase, but cited no...

Macrocyclic complexes of Mn, Co, Ni and Cu using a macrocyclic ligand derived by the condensation of Trimethoprim and diethyl phthalate have been prepared and characterized by electronic, IR and NMR spectral studies as well as magnetic moment and conductivity. On the basis of spectral studies, an octahedral geometry has been proposed for all the complexes. INTRODUCTION: The chemistry of macrocy...

Using extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) measurements, we examined the sorption of Pb(II) to hematite in the presence of malonic acid. Pb L(III)-edge EXAFS measurements performed in the presence of malonate indicate the presence of both Fe and C neighbors, suggesting that a major fraction of surface-bound malon...

Many plants accumulate malonate, but it was shown earlier that malonate does not accumulate as a deadend product of metabolism in soybean (Glycine max v. Hodgson tissues. The metabolism of malonate in the soybean plant at the whole tissue and enzymic level was followed, and the pathway of malonate biosynthesis in young soybean root tissue was shown to be via acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase.

Mitochondrial inhibitors such as malonate are potent neurotoxins in vivo. Intrastriatal injections of malonate result in neuronal damage reminiscent of "excitotoxic" lesions produced by compounds that activate NMDA receptors. Although the mechanism of cell death produced by malonate is uncertain, overactivation of NMDA receptors may be involved; pretreatment of animals with NMDA antagonists pro...