An Abstract of the document could easily be provided as meta information. Abstracts are provided for many documents. So this is a simple task to perform. area of expertise A unique id for some specialism should be fixated, so a documents area of expertise can be identified by a key provided as meta information. timestamp A date of publication is useful to check whether this is an recent documen...

structures

Based on the designing and implementation of metadata standard of Peking University Digital Library, this paper discusses the Chinese metadata standard and its related issues. It involves the metadata methodology – Metadata Standard Framework, and an analysis of an applied case – the generation of Rubbing Metadata Standard of Peking University Rare Book Digital Library.

In this paper we present new ways to read Digital Talking Books (DTBs). DTBs aim to provide better access to literary contents for the visually impaired population. However, these books offer limited capabilities when reading the book freely. Only continuous reading or jumping through sections of the text is allowed. This lack of flexibility leaves out many of the types of reading users usually...

Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the

It is frequently argued that the 'digital divide' is one of the most significant development issues facing impoverished regions of the world. Yet, even though the term is inherently spatial, there have been no sustained efforts to examine the geographic assumptions underlying discourses of the ‘digital divide.’ This article traces the history of the term, reviewing some of its tangible effects,...

Selecting and annotating multimedia information at varying document granularities – parts of a document, to a complete document, to multiple documents Linking new content with existing content, at varying document granularities Organizing/arranging annotated information. Sharing and reusing of new information (annotations, structures, etc) and associated existing information (for example, seein...

This review provides insight on potential host-specific factors that increase individual susceptibility to infection and transmission of bovine digital dermatitis. Digital dermatitis is increasing in prevalence within herds worldwide yields economic losses for producers welfare issues animals. A total 34 relevant studies were reviewed based the inclusion criteria. decrease disease was found ani...

The aim of this study was to assess infectious foot diseases, including identification and characterization of Dichelobacter nodosus and Treponema spp., in herds having problems with interdigital dermatitis (ID) and heel horn erosion (E) and in control herds expected to have few problems. We also wanted to compare diseased and healthy cows in all herds. The study included 14 dairy herds with a ...

background: atopic dermatitis is a major public health problem, often starting in early childhood and sometimes followed by other allergic diseases. although hypersensitivity to foods is assumed to play an essential role in the development of atopic dermatitis in some patients, little is known about common food allergens in iranian children with atopic dermatitis. objectives: this study was des...