The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that endothelium-dependent dilation is impaired in soleus resistance arteries from hindlimb-unweighted (HLU) rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (300-350 g) were exposed to HLU (n = 14) or weight-bearing control (Con, n = 14) conditions for 14 days. After the 14-day treatment period, soleus first-order (1A) arterioles were isolated and cannulated ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Potassium channels or nitric oxide or both are major mediators of acidosis-induced dilation in the cerebral circulation. However, these contributions depend on a variety of factors such as species and vessel location. The present study was designed to clarify whether potassium channels and endothelial nitric oxide are involved in acidosis-induced dilation of isolated rat ...

Dilation is a puzzling phenomenon within Imprecise Probability theory: when it obtains, our uncertainty evaluation on event $A$ vaguer after conditioning $B$, whatever $B$ in given partition $\mathcal{B}$. In this paper we investigate dilation with coherent Nearly-Linear (NL) models. These are family of neighbourhood models, obtaining lower/upper probabilities by linear affine transformations (...

Pneumomediastinum following esophageal perforation is a known complication of Eder Puestow dilation for esophageal stenosis. This is the first reported case of esophageal perforation and pneumomediastinum occurring after instrumental self-dilation of a stenotic esophageal lesion. The observed 0.02 percent perforation rate in this patient (compared to the reported 0.3 percent in Eder Puestow "he...

BACKGROUND Oesophageal dilation is one of the most effective options in the management of symptoms of eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE). However, earlier reports described an increased rate of complications. AIM To perform a meta-analysis of population-based studies of the risks associated with dilation and the clinical efficacy and duration of response to dilation in EoE. METHODS Using MEDLI...

The effect of changing extracellular calcium and sodium concentrations on flow, acetylcholine, and papaverine vasodilation and also on norepinephrine contraction was studied in a segment of a resistance branch of the rabbit central ear artery mounted in a myograph. Decreases in calcium to 80% of the normal physiological saline solution concentration (1.6 mM) reduced both flow- and acetylcholine...

Experiments were designed to investigate the importance of vascular endothelium in the vasomotor response to increases in flow as observed in conduit arteries (flow-dependent dilation). The diameter changes of femoral arteries (sonomicrometry) in response to increases in flow before and after endothelial damage procedures were studied in 23 dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. The funct...

Flow-induced dilation of gracilis muscle arterioles was examined in both genders of control rats and rats chronically treated with N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). After L-NAME treatment (4 wk), systolic blood pressure was significantly increased compared with control, whereas the plasma concentration of nitrate/nitrite was significantly reduced. Isolated and pressurized arterio...

BACKGROUND Vesicourethral anastomotic stricture (VAS) is a rare but serious complication following radical prostatectomy (RP), and various types of managements for VAS have been proposed. We investigated the efficacy of transurethral balloon dilation in the management of VAS after RP. METHODS A total of 128 consecutive patients underwent open RP at our hospital between 2008 and 2013; of these...

We tested the hypothesis that endothelium-dependent dilation in soleus muscle feed arteries (SFA) is impaired by aging due to attenuated nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation. SFA were isolated from young (4 mo) and old (24 mo) male Fischer 344 rats and cannulated with two glass micropipettes for examination of endothelium-dependent [flow or acetylcholine (ACh)] and endothelium-independent [s...