Medical images are visualized by computer and processed to obtain larger, more organized, and three-dimensional (3D) images. Thus, significant images are provided. The processed data facilitate diagnosis and treatment in the medical fields. The 3D surface models of related areas are formed by using volumetric data obtained by employing medical imaging methods such as Magnetic Resonance (MR) and...

3D video billboard clouds reconstruct and represent a dynamic three-dimensional scene using displacementmapped billboards. They consist of geometric proxy planes augmented with detailed displacement maps and combine the generality of geometry-based 3D video with the regularization properties of image-based 3D video. 3D video billboards are an image-based representation placed in the disparity s...

Three-dimensional color Doppler ultrasonography is a new technique to evaluate the pattern of blood vessels. This study was performed to assess the feasibility of this method in evaluation of kidney vasculature pattern in dogs. In this paper, visualization of the Renal, Interlobar, Arcuate, and interlobular arteries and veins using 3D color Doppler ultrasonography in dogs is shown and the techn...

A three-dimensional model of a circulating fluidized bed gasifier was developed, which uses continuous radial profiles of velocities and solids hold-up with regard to the description of fluid mechanics. A complex reaction network of sewage sludge gasification is included in the model. In the simulation calculations the influence of the axial location and the number of feeding points was examine...

Since the 1970s, the limitations of two dimensional (2D) cell culture and the relevance of appropriate three dimensional (3D) cell systems have become increasingly evident. Extensive effort has thus been made to move cells from a flat world to a 3D environment. While 3D cell culture technologies are meanwhile widely used in academia, 2D culture technologies are still entrenched in the (pharmace...

Systems design consists of both geometry-based three-dimensional (3D) and energy-based one-dimensional (1D) models. Automatically synthesizing 1D and 3D models from the same specification is useful because it saves time and eliminates errors. State-of-the-art synthesis algorithms use a one-to-one mapping of 3D to 1D artifacts and therefore only cover the geometric aspects of the design. In this...

The critical role of migration and invasion in cancer metastasis warrants new therapeutic approaches targeting the machinery regulating cell migration and invasion. While 2-dimensional (2D) models have helped identify a range of adhesion molecules, cytoskeletal components and regulators that are potentially important for cell migration, the use of models that better mimic the 3-dimensional (3D)...

Stemming from a sound mathematical framework dating back to the beginning of the 20th century, this paper introduces a novel approach for 3D face recognition. The proposed technique is based on joint differential invariants, projecting a 3D shape in a 9-dimensional space where the effect of rotation and translation is removed. As a consequence, the matching between two different 3D samples can ...

We suggest a novel method of clustering and exploratory analysis of temporal event sequences data (also known as categorical time series) based on three-dimensional data grid models. A data set of temporal event sequences can be represented as a data set of three-dimensional points, each point is defined by three variables: a sequence identifier, a time value and an event value. Instantiating d...

Biometric data have been integrated in all new European passports, since the member states of the European Commission started to implement the EU Council Regulation No 2252/2004 on standards for security features and biometrics in passports. The additional integration of three-dimensional models promises significant performance enhancements for border controls. By combining the geometryand text...