BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare radiotherapy plans for Stage I-II nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NNKTL) using helical tomotherapy (HT), volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT), Fixed-Field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT). METHODS Eight patents with Stage I-II NNKTL treated with IMRT were re-planned for HT, V...

POLICY STATEMENT BlueCHiP for Medicare and Commercial Products: Breast Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) may be considered medically necessary as a technique to deliver whole-breast irradiation in patients receiving treatment for left-sided breast cancer after breast conserving surgery, and for individuals with large breasts when treatment planning with 3-dimensional (3D) conformal result...

Introduction: Radiation therapy is one of the main treatments for rectal cancer. In three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, exposure of healthy tissue around the tumor is unavoidable. The small intestine is the most important organ at risk of rectal cancer radiotherapy. Intestinal complications are a major factor limiting the dose radiotherapy for rectal cancer. The most com...

Meningiomas are commonly encountered as intracranial brain tumours, but extracranial meningiomas do occur although seen rarely. Here we present a case of extracranial meningioma presenting as a mass over the medial canthus of left eye and the glabella with extension into the left ethmoid sinuses, without any neurological symptoms or signs. The patient underwent surgical excision, plastic surgic...

We illustrate the principle of conformal radiotherapy by discussing the case of a patient with a primitive neuroectodermal tumour of the chest wall. Recent advances in radiotherapy planning enable precise localization of the planning target volume (PTV) and normal organs at risk of irradiation. Customized blocks are subsequently designed to produce a treatment field that 'conforms' to the PTV. ...

BACKGROUND We investigated how varying the treatment margin and applying hippocampal sparing and proton therapy impact the risk of neurocognitive impairment in pediatric medulloblastoma patients compared with current standard 3D conformal radiotherapy. METHODS We included 17 pediatric medulloblastoma patients to represent the variability in tumor location relative to the hippocampal region. T...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to be one of the worst cancer conditions worldwide, being the sixth most common cancer and associated with a 5-year overall survival rate of only 5% (1). Surgery, either in terms of local resection or liver transplant, is still the treatment of choice, with 5-year survival rates of 30–70% (2). However, o 20% of patients qualify for this treatment because...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are major therapies for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. This study was to evaluate the efficacy of three-dimensional conformal gamma-knife radiotherapy combined with thermochemotherapy on locally advanced pancreatic cancer. METHODS From December 2001 to January 2006, 75 patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer were divided into ...