2, 6-Bis (4-carboxyphenoxy) benzonitrile was first synthesized by condensation of 2, 6-difluorobenzonitrile with p-Hydroxybenzoic acid in the presence of KOH and DMSO. And then the reaction of 2, 6-bis (4-carboxyphenoxy) benzonitrile with sulfur oxychloride yieded 2, 6-bis (4-chloroformylphenoxy) benzonitrile (BClPOBN). A series of novel soluble aromatic polyesters with pendant cyano groups wer...

Chlorogenic acid oxidase was extensively purified to homogeneity from apple flesh (Malus pumila cv. Fuji). The enzyme was purified 470-fold, with a total yield close to 70% from the plastid fraction by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. The molecular weight was determined to be 65,000 by both SDS-PAGE and gel filtration chromatography. The optimum pH...

• Green extraction of phenolic compounds from the cocoa shell was modeled and optimized. Response surface methodology artificial neural networks showed comparable estimation abilities. Spectrophotometric results correlate with UPLC-measured individual compounds. Major phenolics in were protocatechuic acid mono- dimeric flavanols. An eco-friendly method using just water is presented to revaloriz...

Background: Olive oil is a source of antioxidants and poses positive effects on human health. The objective of this study was firstly to identify and quantify the phenolics of some Algerian olive oils; secondly, the antioxidant activity of the samples was assessed. Methods: The virgin olive oils used in this study were derived from three Algerian cultivars, including Azeradj, Bouchouk, and Che...

In the present study, we first attempted to achieve an efficient procedure for optimizing callogenesis from apical meristem and leaf explants of Salvia tebesana on MS media containing different concentrations BAP alone in combination with 2,4-D. Then, inducing effect nano-TiO2 (10, 60, 120 mg L−1) methyl jasmonate (50, 100, 200 µM), as abiotic elicitors were studied enhancement phenolic compoun...

In recent years strains previously grouped within Cryptococcus neoformans have been divided into two species C. neoformans and C. gattii, with Cryptococcus neoformans comprising serotypes A, D, and AD and C. gattii comprising serotypes B and C. Cryptococcus neoformans have also been subdivided into two varieties C. neoformans var. grubii, serotype A, and C. neoformans var. neoformans, serotype ...

Mushroom tyrosinase, which is known to convert a variety of o-diphenols into o-benzoquinones, has been shown to catalyse an unusual oxidative decarboxylation of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid to 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde [Sugumaran (1986) Biochemistry 25, 4489-4492]. The mechanism of this reaction was re-investigated. Although visible-region spectral studies of the reaction mixture containing 3,4-d...

The multicopper oxidase (MCO) family of enzymes includes laccases, which oxidize a broad range of substrates including polyphenols and phenylendiamines; ferroxidases, which oxidize ferrous iron; and several other oxidases with specific substrates such as ascorbate, bilirubin or copper. The genome of Anopheles gambiae, a species of mosquito, encodes five putative multicopper oxidases. Of these f...

Olive oils have been shown to be more resistant to oxidation than other vegetable fats, mainly due to their fatty acid (FA) profile which is rich in oleic acid and to their high content of antioxidants, principally phenols and tocopherols. This has situated virgin olive oils (VOOs) among the fats of high nutritional quality. However, it is important to stress that the oil's commercial category ...