Pressure ulcer formation is the result of unrelieved pressure, tissue shearing, and localized ischemia over a bony prominence resulting in cell death and tissue necrosis. The incidence of pressure ulcers in the spinal cord injury population is estimated between 25 – 66%. When meticulous wound care, control of infection, local debridement, and pressure offloading fail, patients require wound exc...

We have compared the energy expenditure during walking in three patients, aged between 51 and 55 years, with unilateral disarticulation of the hip when using the mechanical-controlled stance-phase control knee (Otto Bock 3R15) and the microprocessor-controlled pneumatic swing-phase control knee (Intelligent Prosthesis, IP). All had an endoskeletal hip disarticulation prosthesis with an Otto Boc...

Osteoarthritis of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) is a common cause of chronic lameness in the horse that requires surgical arthrodesis when medical management is no longer able to alleviate pain. Surgical principles for successful PIPJ arthrodesis include articular cartilage debridement and rigid fixation. To completely debride articular cartilage, the collateral ligaments and extens...

PREMISE OF STUDY Many angiosperms have fruit morphologies that result in seeds from the same plant having different dispersal capabilities. A prime example is found in the Brassiceae (Brassicaceae), which has many members with segmented or heteroarthrocarpic fruits. Since only 40% of the genera are heteroarthrocarpic, this tribe provides an opportunity to study the evolution of an ecologically ...

Dear Editor, Diabetes mellitus is a growing problem in Singapore, with a reported incidence of 11.3% of the Singapore population, a signifi cant increase from 8.2% in 2004.1 With the implementation of a multidisciplinary approach combined with a clinical pathway, our major amputation rate (belowand above-knee amputation) has been reduced from 31.15% in 2002 to 11.01% in 2007.2 Nather et al in 2...

Severe peripheral vascular disease, ma­ lignant tumor, or trauma occasionally re­ quires the performance of a very proximal lower limb amputation. When proximal amputation is performed in young people, it is expected that they will be able to am­ bulate with a prosthesis. Occasionally, however, the amputation surgeon is con­ fronted with the older patient who requires amputation at the hip disa...