Lateral surface/subsurface flow and their connectivity play a significant role in redistributing soil water, which has a direct effect on biological, chemical, and geomorphological processes in the root zone (~1m). However, most of the land surface models neglect the horizontal exchanges of water at the grid or subgrid scales, focusing only on the vertical exchanges of water as one-dimensional ...

1Abstract—In this paper, we investigate optimal coding strategies for a class of linear deterministic relay networks. The network under study is a relay network, with one source, one destination, and two relay nodes. Additionally, there is a disturbing source of signals that causes interference with the information signals received by the relay nodes. Our model captures the effect of the interf...

vegetation is known to increase hillslope stability by reinforcing soil shear resistance. this reinforcement depends on the density and tensile strength of the root systems. this paper presents the results of research carried out in order to evaluate the biotechnical characteristics of the root system of parrotia persica. the profile trenching methods was used to obtaining root area ratio (rar)...

Stable isotope studies on stable isotope ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in water within plants provide new information on water sources and water use patterns under natural conditions. In this study, the sources of water uptake for two typical xerophytic shrubs, Caragana korshinskii and Artemisia ordosica, were determined at four different-aged revegetated sites (1956, 1964, 1981, and 1987) in t...

Rising atmospheric CO2 concentration and global mean temperatures have stimulated interest in managing terrestrial systems to sequester more carbon and mitigate climate change. In a restored prairie experiment, we compared high diversity (HD, 25 species) with low diversity (LD, 6 species) prairies to investigate the effect of plant diversity on soil microbial communities and their residues with...

natural ecosystems provide many goods and services for human beings via their multiple functionalities. one of these important functions is the role of natural ecosystems in regulation of hydrologic cycle and increasing the infiltarion and retention of water in soil context and preventing from water runoff which may cause in unfavorable consequences like soil erosion and flooding. quantificatio...

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonize land plants in every ecosystem, even extreme conditions such as saline soils. In the present work we report for the first time the mycorrhizal status and the vertical fungal distribution of AMF spores present in the rhizospheric soil samples of four species of Chenopodiaceae (Allenrolfea patagonica, Atriplex argentina, Heterostachys ritteriana and Sua...