In the title compound, C(9)H(12)NO(3) (+)·Cl(-)·2H(2)O, the cation has a protonated amino group resulting from proton transfer from chloridric acid. The structure displays double layers parallel to the [010] direction held together by N-H⋯O, N-H⋯Cl, O-H⋯O and O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. These layers are stacked along the c axis at b = 1/2; within each layer, the tyrosinium cations are arranged in an...

The crystal structure of dl-alanine hydro-iodide (1-carb-oxy-ethanaminium iodide), C(3)H(8)NO(2) (+)·I(-), is that of an organic salt consisting of N-protonated cations and iodide anions. The compound features homochiral helices of N-H⋯O hydrogen-bonded cations in the [010] direction; neighbouring chains are related by crystallographic inversion centers and hence show opposite chirality. The io...

Efficient query answering over ontologies is one of the most useful and important services to support Semantic Web applications. Approximation has been identified as a potential way to reduce the complexity of query answering over OWL DL ontologies. Existing approaches are mainly based on syntactic approximation of ontological axioms and queries. In this paper, we propose to recast the idea of ...

The paper addresses the problem of explaining some reasoning tasks associated with the DL-Lite Description Logic. Because of the simplicity of the language, standard concept level reasoning is quite easy, and the only contribution is an alternate, more accessible syntax, plus a novel focus on brevity of proofs. Of greater interest is the explanation of reasoning in finite models, which is motiv...

Applications of description logics (DLs) such as OWL 2 and ontology-based data access (OBDA) require understanding of how to pose database queries over DL knowledge bases. While there have been many studies regarding traditional relational query formalisms such as conjunctive queries and their extensions, little attention has been paid to graph database queries, despite the fact that graph data...

Jul 3, 2001. Vancomycin overview and pharmacokinetic calculations. 15. The peak is the measured drug concentration AFTER distribution. Vd or Volume of mg/dl will greatly elevate the calculated creatinine clearance. This is . (Use minimum SCr of 1 mg/dL.. (round dose to nearest 10 mg for gentamicin/ tobramycin and to nearest 50 mg for amikacin). A trough level should be obtained within 30 minute...