BACKGROUND Recent research showed 82% of 233 retired National Football League players under age 50 had abnormal narrowing and blockages in arteries compared to the general population of the same age. It has been suggested that early screening and intervention in this at-risk population be a priority. HYPOTHESIS Omega-3 essential fatty acid has been shown to improve cardiovascular lipid risk f...

The effect of different fatty acids on cytochrome P4504A1 mRNA levels was studied in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes, using a solution hybridization assay. All fatty acids tested induced P4504A1 mRNA levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Most potent were docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) and arachidonic acid (20:4), both of which gave a 6-fold increase in mRNA levels at 300 microM, followe...

The effect of fatty acids on LXR (liver X receptors)-mediated enhancement of ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) expression and cholesterol efflux was investigated in human intestinal cells CaCo-2. LXR activation by T0901317 increased basolateral cholesterol efflux to lipoprotein particles isolated at a density of 1.21 g/ml or higher. Oleic and arachidonic acids attenuated the amount of...

Rats were fed either a high linolenic acid (perilla oil) or high eicosapentaenoic + docosahexaenoic acid (fish oil) diet (8%), and the fatty acid and molecular species composition of ethanolamine phosphoglycerides was determined. Gene expression pattern resulting from the feeding of n-3 fatty acids also was studied. Perilla oil feeding, in contrast to fish oil feeding, was not reflected in tota...

BACKGROUND Experimental studies suggest that long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) may reduce the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Prior studies evaluating fish or n-3 PUFA consumption from dietary questionnaires and incident AF have been conflicting. Circulating levels of n-3 PUFAs provide an objective measurement of exposure. METHODS AND RESULTS Among 3326 US men and women...

Epidemiological studies have suggested inconsistent associations between omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and prostate cancer (PCa) risk. We performed a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective observational studies investigating both dietary intake and circulating n-3 PUFAs and PCa risk. PubMed and EMBASE prior to February 2014 were searched, and 16 publications were eligible....

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether pasteurized donor human milk meets the nutritional needs of preterm infants in terms of free fatty acid and amino acid contents. STUDY DESIGN Milk samples were prospectively collected from 39 donors to the Mothers' Milk Bank of Ohio. The fatty acid and amino acid compositions in donor milk samples were measured before and after pasteurization, and values were com...

The fatty acid composition of lymphocytes, and other immune cells, is altered according to the fatty acid composition of the diet and this alters the capacity of those cells to produce eicosanoids, such as prostaglandin E2, which are involved in immune-regulation. A high fat diet can impair lymphocyte function. Cell culture and animal feeding studies indicate that oleic, linoleic, conjugated li...

The incorporation of the fatty acids in fish and olive oil into the colonic mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease was examined during 12 weeks' dietary supplementation with the oils, and the influence on colonic mucosal prostaglandin and thromboxane generation was measured. With a dietary supplement of 18 g fish oil daily, concentrations of the major polyunsaturated fatty acids in ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the association of maternal excessive gestational weight gain with saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in maternal and cord serum. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN We included 77 pairs of women and their newborns and classified them into three groups as follows: mothers with normal gestational weight gain and their babies with normal ...