The Wisconsin Supreme Court, after adopting the doctrine of the objective (reasonable) patient standard, expanded it in bold and innovative ways over nearly four decades, until the Wisconsin legislative and executive branches drastically reversed this course. The saga has implications for other jurisdictions considering adoption or expansion of the objective patient standard doctrine.

Issues relating to confidentiality and consent for physical and mental health treatment with minor clients can pose challenges health care providers. Decisions need to be made regarding these issues despite the absence of clear, direct, or comprehensive policies and legislation. In order to fully understand the scope of this topic, a systemic review of several pieces of legislation and guidelin...

This essay replies to critics since 1995 of my "biostatistical theory" (BST) of health. According to the BST, a pathological condition is a state of statistically species-subnormal biological part-functional ability, relative to sex and age. Theoretical health, the total absence of pathological conditions, is then a value-free scientific notion. Recent critics offer a mixture of old and new obj...

As the complexity of military operations increases, defense modeling and simulation (DM&S) has contributed in analytically improving doctrines at various levels. To date, defense modelers concentrate on the best representation model of their targeted system at their targeted level with their targeted doctrine. However, insights into the doctrine from the battle experiment using such models are ...

One of the most difficult and perplexing tenets of classical theism is the doctrine of divine simplicity. Broadly put, this is generally understood to be the thesis that God is altogether without any proper parts, composition, or metaphysical complexity whatsoever. For a good deal more than a millennium, veritable armies ofphilosophical theologians Jewish, Christian and Islamic proclaimed the t...

Ever since its genesis in the Supreme Court’s famous decision in International News Service v. Associated Press,1 the “hot news” misappropriation doctrine has had to fight for its survival. First came Judge Learned Hand, who in a series of opinions, took the position that International News did not lay down a “general doctrine,” but was instead meant to be limited to the peculiarities of the ne...

One of the most important and delicate judicial tasks in patent law is to keep the obviousness doctrine in reasonable working order. There are several reasons why the obviousness doctrine has been the subject of frequent judicial tinkering. First, patentability doctrines interact with each other, so doctrinal alterations that seem to be entirely external to the obviousness doctrine frequently h...

The neuron [4] doctrine is a concept formed during the turn of the twentieth century that describes the properties of neurons, the specialized cells that compose the nervous system. The neuron [4] doctrine was one of two major theories on the composition of the nervous system at the time. Advocates of the neuron [4] doctrine claimed that the nervous system was composed of discrete cellular unit...

Grier, Michelle, 1960– Kant's doctrine of transcendental illusion / Michelle Grier. p. cm. – (Modern European philosophy) Includes bibliographical references and index.

Arterial hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. Data from observational studies indicate that it may affect 90% of the general population during their lifetime. Despite much research that has been done, the exact cause of this disorder is still unknown. Avicenna (Ibn Sina) in his masterpiece The Canon of Medicine described most of the clinical featur...