background: high-energy linear accelerator (linac) is a valuable tool and the most commonly device for external beam radiation treatments in cancer patients. in the linac head, high-energy photons with energies above the threshold of interaction produce photoneutrons. these photoneutrons deliver the extra dose to the patients in the planning treatment and increase the risk of secondary cancer. ...

Synchrotron radiation is an innovative tool for the treatment of brain tumors. In the stereotactic synchrotron radiation therapy (SSRT) technique a radiation dose enhancement specific to the tumor is obtained. The tumor is loaded with a high atomic number (Z) element and it is irradiated in stereotactic conditions from several entrance angles. The aim of this work was to assess dosimetric prope...

The Green's function for the transport of ions of high charge and energy is utilized with a nuclear fragmentation database to evaluate dose, dose equivalent, and RBE for C3H10T1/2 cell survival and neoplastic transformation as a function of depth in soft tissue. Such evaluations are useful to estimates of biological risk for high altitude aircraft, space operations, accelerator operations, and ...

Particle intensity, dose equivalent and absorbed dose have been measured on board the space shuttles during their visit to the International Space Station (ISS) on STS-108 and STS-112. The dose estimates are based on very accurate measurements of recoils produced in CR-39 by cosmic ray primary and secondary protons and heavier nuclei and by secondary neutrons. The corresponding LET spectra were...

Introduction In this study, effective dose equivalent for the public due to internal exposure to 222radon (222Rn) was evaluated in three regions of Ramsar, a northern coastal city in Iran.                                Materials and Methods Measurements were carried out using a radon monitoring device. Outdoor and indoor radon concentrations were measured within 24 hours with an integration in...

In many instances, bone marrow dose equivalents averaged over the entire body have been used as a surrogate for whole-body dose equivalents in space radiation protection studies. However, career radiation limits for space missions are expressed as effective doses. This study compares calculations of effective doses to average bone marrow dose equivalents for several large solar particle events ...

PURPOSE Noninvasive image-guided breast brachytherapy (NIBB) is an attractive novel approach to deliver accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI). Calculations of equivalent uniform dose (EUD) were performed to identify the appropriate APBI dose for this technique. METHODS AND MATERIALS APBI plans were developed for 15 patients: five with three-dimensional conformal APBI (3D-CRT), five wi...

Modern treatment planning systems for three-dimensional treatment planning provide three-dimensionally accurate dose distributions for each individual patient. These data open up new possibilities for more precise reporting and analysis of doses actually delivered to irradiated organs and volumes of interest. A new method of summarizing and reporting inhomogeneous dose distributions is reported...

Introduction: Radiotherapy (RT) plan evaluation using dose response models has become a feasible approach in routine clinical practice. Although there are several tools for this task, they suffer from limitations including number of different dose response models and parameters. In the present study, we aimed to develop a free program for RT plan evaluation based on a variety ...