Closed suction drainage is a routinely used method in all fields of surgery. The idea to drain a wound is quite old. Supposedly, Hippocrates had already used a wooden tube to drain the operative wound (Levy, 1984). In orthopaedic surgery, Waugh and Stinchfield were the first who popularized the method of draining. Their preference to draining was based on their retrospective study, where they o...

BACKGROUND During total hip arthroplasty (THA) drainage is used by most surgeons. However, the optimal drainage strategy remains controversial. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to determine the safety and efficacy of a four-hour drainage clamping technique in patients undergoing THA. MATERIAL AND METHODS There were 64 patients who underwent THA from March 2012 to December 2015 who w...

The goal of this study was to systematically review the effects of biliary stenting on postoperative morbidity and mortality of patients with obstructive jaundice. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and other relevant databases were searched by computer and manually for published and unpublished studies on the impact of preoperative biliary drainage on patients with obstructive jaundice from 200...

PURPOSE To assess the therapeutic value of two different drainage catheters in treating chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). MATERIALS AND METHODS Two types of drainage catheters can be used to treat CSDH according to the position of holes in the catheter: open-type or closed-type catheter. In this retrospective study, 199 total patients with CSDH were reviewed according to catheter type. Among ...

In the study, Drainmod model was used to compare measured water table depth fluctuations on the farm with those simulated by the model, also comparison of measured drainage outflow of the farm drains and model simulated was investigated. This study was made in a part of the Irrigation and Drainage Network of ABADAN Date palms. By statistical analysis of the measured and predicted water table de...

l and drainage has been central to the development of North America since colonial times, with the first organized drainage efforts occurring as early as the 1600s (Evans et al. 1996). Drainage has been encouraged to improve public highways, reduce public health risks, promote increased crop yield and reduced yield variability, reduce surface runoff and erosion, and increase land value. Agricul...

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis sometimes develop chronic oedema of the hand, in no way related to the involvement of finger and wrist joints, and affecting the whole hand diffusely. This swelling, in our experience, is relatively resistant to therapy, though some result may be obtained by diuretics and corticoids. Since we have not found any reports of studies of the aetiological mechanism ...

One of the most important factors for appropriate performance of subsurface drainage systems is having adequate discharge for drains. For this purpose, knowledge about effect of drainage parameters change on drain discharge is essential in subsurface drainage systems. In this article, using change all of the drainage parameters by EnDrain software, changes of drains discharge has been investiga...

Three recent cases of pneumopericardium after closed-chest injury are described. The mechanism of pericardial inflation suspected in each was pleuropericardial laceration in the presence of an intrathoracic air leak. Deflation of the pericardium was achieved by underwater seal drainage of the right pleural cavity in the first patient, during thoracotomy for repair of tracheobronchial rupture in...